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贵阳高坡景区野生观花植物资源调查及其园林应用

2021-01-13谢伟白新祥

山地农业生物学报 2021年5期

谢伟 白新祥

摘 要:高坡是贵阳高海拔景区,其野生植被丰富多样,具有极大研究开发价值。经调查,野生观花植物有39科69属93种。按其园林用途可分为观花乔木、观花灌木、观花地被及观花藤本四大类型。贵州龙胆、贵州通泉草等乡土观花灌木和草本花卉具有较高的观赏价值,却未得到开发应用。对植物种类进行分类,研究这些野生观花植物的园林用途与应用环境,能够为野生植物资源开发应用提供指导参考。

关键词:高海拔;野生观花植物;资源调查;园林应用

中图分类号:S7  文献标识码:A

文章编号:1008-0457(2021)05-0062-07    国际DOI编码:10.15958/j.cnki.sdnyswxb.2021.05.010

Investigation and Application in Gardens of Wild Flower Plant Resources in Gaopo Scenic Area of Guiyang

XIE Wei1,BAI Xinxiang2*

(1.Qiannan Polytecjnic for Nationalities,Duyun,Guizhou 558022,China;2.Forestry college in Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China )

Abstract:Gaopo is a high-altitude scenic spot in Guiyang,with rich and diverse wild vegetation,which has great research and development value.According to the investigation,there were 93 species,69 genera and 39 families of wild flower plants,which could be divided into four types:ornamental trees,ornamental shrubs,ornamental ground and ornamental vines based on its garden use.The native ornamental shrubs and herbaceous flowers such as Gentiana esquirolii,Mazus kweichowensis,existed high ornamental value,but they have not been developed and applied.The classification of plant species,the study on the landscape utility and application environment of these wild flower plants,which could provide guidance and reference for the development and application of wild plant resources.

Keywords:high altitude;wild flowering plants;resource survey;landscape applications

基金项目:国家自然科学基金(31960328);贵州省野生观赏植物资源调查(701256192201)

野生观花植物是指没有经过引种驯化、在原产地处于天然自生状态且以植物花器为主要观赏对象的植物类群,是野生观赏植物资源中极具观赏价值的一类重要资源,是本土环境特色的有机组成部分,更是未来栽培观赏树木和花卉新品种培育的重要种质资源[1]。花卉产业在21世纪最有发展前途的十大行业中位居第二,被称为“朝阳产业”和“黄金产业”,现我国一些花卉生产发达的省市已建立花卉工程技术研发中心,开展特色野生花卉植物资源新品种选育研究[2]。野生花卉多数种类具有花色艳丽多变、姿形优雅多样、芳香诱人、病虫害少、耐性强等特点,其花朵是观赏的焦点,该类植物可用于花盆、花坛、花境、林下、草坪等形式造景,营造具有浓郁地方特色的园林景观,是园林绿化不可多得的好材料[3-4]。……

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