胡玉玲　吴娇娇　严兴　刘明艳　杨晓羽　李万春　李建新　杨红

摘 要：為探明提高油茶果经济性状库源调控方法，选择普通油茶湘林210优良无性系为研究对象，运用裂区试验设计，在不同时期，分别进行不同程度疏叶疏芽疏果处理，分析疏叶疏芽疏果对茶果经济性状影响。结果表明：春季疏叶疏果对油茶单果重和体积有显著影响，对茶果鲜出籽率有极显著影响，在夏季疏芽疏果对鲜出籽率有显著影响，不同时间进行疏叶疏芽疏果对籽含水率和仁出油率影响显著，对籽出仁率影响极显著，对其他油茶果指标影响都不显著;4月2日全疏叶单果重最大，5月2日疏全叶油茶果体积最大，3月15和4月2日全疏叶鲜出籽率最高;5月2日疏二分之一叶茶籽含水率最低，4月16日疏全叶籽出仁率最高，3月15日疏二分之一叶仁出油率最高;8月30日疏二分之一果籽含水率最低，7月7日疏二分之一果籽出仁率和仁出油率最高。可见，油茶春季进行二分之一疏叶有利于油茶籽各项经济指标增长，在夏季早期疏二分之一果有利于油茶籽各项经济指标增长。

关键词：普通油茶;疏叶疏芽疏果;春季与夏季;茶果经济性状;茶籽经济指标

中图分类号：S794.4  文献标识码：A

文章编号：1008-0457（2021）05-0056-06    国际DOI编码：10.15958/j.cnki.sdnyswxb.2021.05.009

Effect of Economic Characters Regulation of Different Reservoir Sources on Camellia oleifera

HU Yuling*，WU Jiaojiao，YAN Xing，LIU Mingyan，YANG Xiaoyu，LI Wanchun，LI Jianxin，Yanghong

（College of Agriculture and Forestry Engineering and Planning，Tongren University，Tongren，Guizhou 554300，China）

Abstract：In order to find out the regulation method of improving the economic traits of Camellia oleifera fruit，Xianglin 210 clone was selected as the research object.The split plot experiment design was used to analyze the effects of thinning leaves，buds and fruits on the economic traits of C.oleifera.The results showed that thinning leaves and fruits in spring had a significant effect on the weight and volume of single fruit，and had a very significant effect on the fresh seed yield of C.oleifera.Thinning buds and fruits in summer had a significant effect on the fresh seed yield.Thinning leaves and fruits at different times had a significant impact on the seed moisture content and kernel oil yield and had a very significant effect on the kernel yield，but this treatment did not influence other indexes of C.oleifera.The weight of single fruit was the largest when the whole leaf was thinned on April 2，the fruit volume was the largest when the whole leaf was thinned on May 2，and the fresh seed rate was the highest when the whole leaf was thinned on March 15 and April 2.The moisture content of tea seeds was the lowest when thinned one-half leaf on May 2，the kernel yield of tea seeds was the highest on when whole leaf was thinned on April 16，the kernel yield of tea seeds was the highest when thinned one-half leaf on March 15.The moisture content of seed had the lowest when thinned one-half seeds on August 30，but the kernel yield and kernel oil yield of sparse half seed had the highest on July 7.Therefore，one-half thinning of leaves in spring and one-half thinning of fruits in early summer are conducive to the growth of economic indicators of C.oleifera seeds.

Keywords：Camellia oleifera;sparse leaves，buds and fruit;spring and summer;economic characteristics of fruit;economic index of seeds

油茶（Camellia oleifera）属山茶科常绿小乔木，是世界四大木本油料之一，亦是我国特有油料树种，其种子含油量在30%以上，可供食用、润发及调药，制蜡烛和肥皂，也可作机油的代用品等[1-3]。油茶叶片一般留在树上超过15个月，在……