甘蓝型冬油菜新品种(系)在陇东地区适应性评价
2021-01-13杨学珍
杨学珍




摘要:为了筛选出适宜在陇东地区种植的甘蓝型冬油菜新品种(系),以当地主栽品种天油14号为对照,对供试甘蓝型冬油菜新品种(系)的生育期、农艺性状、产量、越冬率等进行试验测定,综合评价不同品种(系)在陇东地区的适应性。结果表明,参试品种(系)生育期均在290 d左右,株高为114.8~141.0 cm,单株有效角果总数为470.90~266.76个,千粒重为3.66~3.98 g。2019GL-GAU-30产量最高,达3 468.75 kg/hm2,较对照品种天油14号增产26.71%;越冬率也最高,達95.25%;综合性状良好,适宜在陇东地区种植。
关键词:陇东地区;甘蓝型冬油菜;新品种(系);适应性;产量;评价
中图分类号:S565.4 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-1463(2021)12-0026-04
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1463.2021.12.006
Report on Breeding of New Corn Cultivar Fukang 101
XU Huijun, LIN Xingkong
(Gansu Seed Co., Ltd., Lanzhou Gansu 730020, China)
Abstract:Fukang 101 is a new early-maturing corn hybrid, was bred self-sterile inbred lines GZ101 as the female parent, GZ79 as the male parent by Gansu Seed Co., Ltd. In 2019 — 2020, the average yield was 11 397.0 kg/hm2, 4.0% higher than the control cultivar Demeiya 3 in Corn Regional Trial in Early-maturing Group of Gansu Province. The seeds contained crude protein (dry base) is 91.3 g/kg, crude fat(dry base) is 62.6 g/kg, lysine (dry base) is 705.1 g/kg and crude starch (dry base) is 2.5 g/kg. It is high resistance to stem base rot, susceptibility fusarium spike rot, big spot, nodular smut and red leaf disease, high resistance to head smut, dwarf mosaic. It is suitable to be grown in the region of early-maturing spring corn growing areas in Gansu and northeast early-maturing corn suitable area.
Key words:Corn;New cultivar;Fukang 101;Breeding
油菜籽是国产植物油的第一大来源,提高国产油菜籽总供应量对确保国家食物安全战略具有重要意义[1 ]。油菜又是唯一的冬季油料作物,不与其他油料作物争地,具有较大的发展潜力[2 ]。油菜的根系较深,根系的分泌物可分解土壤中难溶的磷,是很好的养地作物,在耕地轮作中有重要意义[3 ]。目前,甘肃陇东地区主要油料作物是冬油菜[4 ],且以白菜型冬油菜为主,但白菜型油菜存在产量低、易倒伏等缺陷,增产潜力有限[5 - 6 ]。甘蓝型油菜是3种油用油菜(白菜型油菜、芥菜型油菜、甘蓝型油菜)中籽粒产量最高的种类[7 ],同时也具有优质、抗倒伏等优异性状[8 - 12 ],是油菜作物的主栽类型[13 - 15 ]。如能筛选适合本地区种植的甘蓝型冬油菜新品种(系),替代现有的白菜型冬油菜,将极大促进陇东地区油菜产业发展。
1 材料与方法
1.1 试验地概况
试验设在甘肃省平凉市泾川县高平镇的平凉市农业科学院高平试验站,107° 49′ E,35° 29′ N,海拔1 367 m。……
