浅山旱地桃园生草对土壤肥力和桃果品质的影响
2021-01-13王晨冰赵秀梅牛茹萱王发林
王晨冰 赵秀梅 牛茹萱 王发林


摘要:为探索桃园生草对桃园土壤和桃产量及果实品质的影响,以清耕处理为对照,进行了桃园不同生草方式比较试验。对桃园土壤养分含量、桃产量及果实品质等指标进行比较表明,桃园行间种植毛叶苕子、行间自然生草均可提高土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效钾含量,也均能提高桃单果重,进而提高桃产量,但对可溶性固形物含量和Vc含量影响不显著。
关键词:桃园生草;桃;土壤肥力;果实品质;浅山旱地
中图分类号:S662.1 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-1463(2021)12-0077-05
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1463.2021.12.018
Necessity and Suggestions of Plan of “Longshu” Potato into Tibet
Lü Heping 1,2, CHEN Fu 3, ZHANG Wu 1,2, ZHANG Tongtong 3, LIANG Hongjie 1,2, WANG Ming 1
[1. Institute of Potato, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou Gansu 730070, China; 2. Gansu Province Potato Seed(Seedling) Virus Detection and Safety Evaluation of Engineering Center, Lanzhou Gansu 730070, China; 3. Gansu Yihang Potato Industry Technology Development Co. Ltd., Lanzhou Gansu 730070,China]
Abstract:This paper analysised outstanding problems in the potato industry development in Xizang and necessity of the “Longshu” potato into Tibet, in view of the present situation of potato industry development and the outstanding problems existing in production in Tibet, the development ideas and overall objectives of the action plan were expounded, and put forward development advice for the “Longshu” potato into Tibet plan.
Key words:Potato; “Longshu” potato into Tibet; Tibet; Potato industry; Production status; Development suggestions
秦安縣是甘肃省桃树栽培集中产区,桃园以浅山旱地为主,栽培面积超过6 667 hm2,也是我国西北旱地桃树集中栽培区。改善黄土高原半干旱区果园水分条件和提高肥料利用率的途径和方法一直是该区域果树稳产丰产的核心问题。果园垄膜保墒集雨、果园覆草等方式对解决干旱缺水均有较好的效果[1 - 2 ],但在生产中由于草源比较缺少,覆草成本较高,应用面积不大。果园生草是发达国家主要栽培管理技术,而我国在20世纪80年代才开始在少数果园进行生草栽培试验[3 - 4 ]。筛选出适宜秦安县浅山旱地桃园的生草种类及生草模式,对桃产业提质增效具有重要意义。
1 材料和方法
1.1 供试材料
指示桃品种为陇蜜9号,砧木为山桃,栽植株行距2 m×5 m。
1.2 试验方法
试验于2017—2020年在位于甘肃省秦安五营镇张源村的甘肃省农业科学院林果花卉研究所试验基地进行。试验区近30年年均降水量449 mm,年均蒸发量1 423 mm;降水多集中在7—9月,占全年降水量的70%左右。……
