在技术与工程课中培养学生的高阶思维
2021-01-09杜志刚
杜志刚
摘要认知领域目标从低到高依次分为记忆、理解、应用、分析、评价、创造六个层级。在这六个层级中,记忆、理解和应用属于低阶思维层次目标;分析、评价和创造属于高阶思维层次目标。高阶思维相对于低阶思维而言,更具有挑战性和开放性的特点。对于技术与工程领域的相关内容,教师应设计训练学生高阶思维的教学环节,引导学生开展以分析、评价和创造为主要形式的高阶思维活动。本文以“做一顶帽子”活动为例,谈谈在技术与工程领域中培养学生高阶思维的一些探索和思考。
关键词 认知领域目标 教学环节 高阶思维
中图分类号:G424文献标识码:ADOI:10.16400/j.cnki.kjdk.2021.24.019
Cultivating Students’ High-order Thinking in Technology and Engineering Course
——Take the activity of "making a hat" as an example
DU Zhigang
(Zhejiang Wenhai Experimental School, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018)
Abstract: From low to high, cognitive goals are divided into six levels: memory, understanding, application, analysis, evaluation and creation. Among these six levels, memory, understanding and application belong to the objectives of low-level thinking level; Analysis, evaluation and creation belong to the objectives of high-level thinking. Compared with low-level thinking, high-level thinking is more challenging and open. For relevant con? tents in the field of technology and engineering, teachers should design teaching links to train students’ high-or? der thinking, and guide students to carry out high-order thinking activities in the form of analysis, evaluation and creation. Taking the activity of "making a hat" as an example, this paper discusses some exploration and thinking on cultivating students’ high-order thinking in the field of technology and engineering.
Keywords: cognitive domain goals; teaching link; high-order thinking
美国教育学家布鲁姆把认知领域目标划分六个层级:知识、领会、应用、分析、综合、评价。这六个层级指向的是我们所说的思维层次。后来安德森等专家对六大层级目标进行了整合和完善,将认知领域目标从低到高依次分为记忆、理解、应用、分析、评价、创造六个层级。在这六个层级中,记忆、理解和应用属于低阶思维层次目标;分析、评价和创造属于高阶思维层次目标。高阶思维相对于低阶思维而言,更具有挑战性和开放性的特点。
对于技术与工程领域的相关内容,教师应设计训练学生高阶思维的教学环节,引导学生开展以分析、评价和创造为主要形式的高阶思维活动。下面以“做一顶帽子”活动为例,谈谈在技术与工程领域中培养学生高阶思维的一些探索和思考。
确立发展……
