梁慧敏 杜雪玲 夏阳 施昌倩

摘要  [目的]探究沿阶草体细胞胚诱导及快繁技术。[方法]以3份沿阶草种质Nanus、Arabicus和Wild为试验材料，研究不同外植体、不同光照条件、不同植物激素配比对愈伤组织诱导、体细胞胚发生和体细胞胚成熟的影响。[结果]3份沿阶草种质中，幼茎和叶基为外植体时，愈伤组织诱导率均为最高;以沿阶草叶基为外植体，黑暗条件下的愈伤组织诱导率最高;2，4-D是沿阶草愈伤组织诱导与初生体细胞胚的发生关键激素，而NAA和6-BA与次生体细胞胚形成、体细胞胚成熟相关，其中将初生体细胞胚置于添加0.5 mg/L NAA和2.0 mg/L 6-BA的MS固体培养基培养25 d，可获得8～13倍的次生体细胞胚;将成熟的体细胞胚转入MS0培养基培养30 d可获得具有根和叶的完整植株。[结论]该研究可为沿阶草规模化繁殖和推广提供技术支撑。

关键词 沿阶草;愈伤组织;体胚发生;再生;快繁

中图分类号 S688.4  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611（2021）24-0136-05

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.24.032

A Rapid Propagation Protocol of Ophiopogon japonicus via Somatic Embryo Culture in vitro

LIANG Hui-min1，DU Xue-ling2，XIA Yang3 et al （1.Jiangsu Polytechnic College of Agriculture and Forestry， Jurong， Jiangsu 212400;2.College of Life Sciences， Huaibei Normal University， Huaibei， Anhui 235000;3.Shandong Academy of Forestry Sciences，Jinan，Shandong 250014）

Abstract [Objective]To study rapid propagation protocol of Ophiopogon japonicus via Somatic Embryo culture in vitro. [Method]Taking O. japonicus germplasms Nanus， Arabicus and Wild were used as experiment materials， effects of different explants， different light conditions， and different phytohormone ratios on callus induction， somatic embryogenesis， and somatic embryo maturation were investigated. [Result]The results showed that leaf base and young stem as explants produced significantly higher calli induction rate in all three cultivars. The highest calli induction rate from young stem was obtained under dark condition. 2，4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid （2，4-D） was essential for calli induction and somatic embryogenesis of O. japonicus. Both NAA and 6-BA synergistically promoted secondary embryos development and maturation. We can produce a lot of plantlets of O. japonicus through secondary embryos culture in vitro on Murashige and Skoog （MS） medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L NAA and 2.0 mg/L 6-BA， reaching to 8-13-fold per 25 days. Finally， the complete plantlets with leaves and roots were produced by transferring maturation somatic embryos into MS0 medium for 30 days. [Conclusion] The results can provide a technical support for large-scale propagation and popularization of O. japonicus.

Key words Ophiopogon japonicus;Callus;Somatic embryogenesis;Regeneration;Rapid propagation

基金项目 江苏农林职业技术学院重点科技创新类项目（2017kj09）;安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目（202004a06020046）;江苏省草坪草种质资源库。

作者简介 梁慧敏（1962—），女，宁夏银川人，教授，博士，从事草坪分子遗传育种研究。

收稿日期 2021-04-01

沿阶草（Ophiopogon japonicus）又名麦冬，属于百合科（Liliaceae）沿阶草属（Ophiopogon）多年生草本单子叶植物，因其具有株型低矮、常绿、耐热、耐寒、耐旱、耐阴和耐贫瘠等特性，常被作为地被和边缘景观营造中的绿地材料[1-2]。药理研究显示，沿阶草富含皂苷、黄酮类、氨基酸、多糖和維生素等物质，对咳嗽、糖尿病、胃炎、癌症等疾病有一定治疗作用[3-5]，可见沿阶草是重要的观赏兼药用的经济植物。……