马雨晴 杨春平 刘静香 张敏 邱小燕 罗丽雅 王海建 陈华保

摘要 ：根据不同昆虫对单波长光源趋性的选择性差异，研究不同单波长灯对柑橘园内不同昆虫的诱捕作用。以19种单波长LED灯为对象，连续波长LED灯为对照，在柑橘园内调查诱捕的昆虫种类和数量。结果表明，昆虫对不同LED单波长灯具有选择性， 375、378、385、393、395、397、401、403、407、411 nm波长灯适宜对鳞翅目昆虫的诱捕;395 nm和405 nm波长灯适宜对鞘翅目昆虫的诱捕;385 nm波长灯适宜对半翅目昆虫的诱捕。395 nm和405 nm波长灯分别对鳃金龟科Melolonthidae和丽金龟科Rutelinae昆虫诱捕效果明显。结果显示LED单波长灯在诱捕防治柑橘害虫方面具有应用价值。

关键词 ：LED单波长灯; 柑橘; 诱虫效果

中图分类号：

S 477.9

文献标识码： A

DOI： 10.16688/j.zwbh.2020483

Trapping effect of the LED single wavelength lights on insects in citrus orchard

MA Yuqing， YANG Chunping， LIU Jingxiang， ZHANG Min， QIU Xiaoyan，

LUO Liya， WANG Haijian， CHEN Huabao*

（College of Agronomy， Sichuan Agricultural University， Chengdu 611130， China）

Abstract

Based on the theory that insects have different taxis to different single-wavelengths， LED single wavelength lights were selected for pest-attract experiments in citrus orchard.19 kinds of LED single wavelength lights were used to attract insects， and then the types and quantities of trapping insects were identified and analyzed， with frequency trembler lamps as control group.The results showed that insects showed different phototaxis with different wavelengths lights.The wavelength of 375， 378， 385， 393， 395， 397， 401， 403， 407 and 411 nm were suitable for trapping Lepidoptera.The wavelength of 395 nm and 405 nm were suitable for trapping Coleoptera and the wavelength of 385 nm was suitable for trapping Hemiptera.The wavelength of 395 nm and 405 nm were suitable for trapping Melolonthidae and Rutelinae， respectively.The results indicate that some single-wavelengths can attract insects efficiently， and LED single wavelength lights are valuable for controlling pests in citrus orchard.

Key words

single wavelength LED light; citrus; trapping insect pests

柑橘是我国重要的经济作物，据统计2015年我国柑橘总产量已达到3 660万t[1]。柑橘在生长过程中易受到鞘翅目的鳃金龟科Melolonthidae、麗金龟科Rutelidae、小蠹科Scolytidae，半翅目的蝽科Pentatomidae、长蝽科Lygaeidae，双翅目的瘿蚊科Cecidomyiidae、实蝇科Trypetidae，缨翅目的蓟马Thripidae以及鳞翅目Lepidoptera昆虫的为害。目前，主要通过施用化学农药的方法防治柑橘害虫[2]。长期、大量喷施化学农药会导致抗性、残留、再猖獗问题。近年来，利用昆虫成虫对光的趋性而开发的灯已成为害虫防控的重要措施。

目前，我国市场上销售的灯多采用320～400 nm的连续波段诱集趋光性害虫。但这些光源对昆虫缺少选择性，在杀灭害虫的同时对中性昆虫和天敌昆虫亦有较大影响。因此，提高昆虫对光源的选择性是灯光诱虫的重要研究方向。

研究发现，不同种类昆虫甚至同一昆虫……