草地贪夜蛾和亚洲玉米螟种内及种间的竞争行为
2021-01-04施建琴郭井菲何康来白树雄张天涛解海翠王振营
施建琴 郭井菲 何康来 白树雄 张天涛 解海翠 王振营







摘要 :草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E.Smith)和亚洲玉米螟(以下简称“玉米螟”)Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée)是玉米上的重要害虫,二者在玉米田常混合发生,存在对食物和空间资源的竞争关系。为探明草地贪夜蛾和玉米螟种内和种间竞争的行为表现,本文在食物缺乏条件下,研究了草地贪夜蛾和玉米螟种内和种间的攻击和防御行为。结果表明:草地贪夜蛾种内攻防行为中头部接触是最主要的行为表现,其中6龄与6龄以及6龄与5龄幼虫竞争时头部接触行为出现次数最多,在20 min内分别为(17.8±1.7)次和(15.3±1.1)次。玉米螟种内攻防行为中畏缩行为是最主要的行为表现,在5龄与5龄幼虫的竞争中出现频率最高,为(14.8±0.7)次。草地贪夜蛾和玉米螟种间竞争行为中,二者都主要表现为头部接触行为,但草地贪夜蛾攻击行为表现更明显。此外,从存活率上看,同一龄期的玉米螟和草地贪夜蛾种间竞争中,草地贪夜蛾具有明显优势;不同龄期的玉米螟与草地贪夜蛾种间竞争中,同一组合中龄期相对较高的幼虫具有明显竞争优势。研究结果可为明确草地贪夜蛾和玉米螟的种群优势及制定相应的防治策略提供参考。
关键词 :亚洲玉米螟; 草地贪夜蛾; 攻击; 防御; 存活率
中图分类号:
S 435.132
文獻标识码: A
DOI: 10.16688/j.zwbh.2020514
Intraspecific and interspecific competition behavior in Spodoptera
frugiperda and Ostrinia furnacalis
SHI Jianqin1,2, GUO Jingfei2, HE Kanglai2, BAI Shuxiong2,
ZHANG Tiantao2, XIE Haicui1*, WANG Zhenying2*
(1.Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology (in Preparation), Hebei Normal University of Science and
Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; 2.State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect
Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China)
Abstract
The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E.Smith), and the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée), are main pests of maize, and often occurred together in maize fields, resulting in some interspecific and intraspecific competition on food sources and space.In order to understand the intraspecific and interspecific larval interaction between S.frugiperda and O.furnacalis, the offensive and defensive movements between these two pests were observed under food deficiency conditions.The results showed that head touching was the predominant movement in S.frugiperda under all the interactive scenarios, with a head touching mean frequence of (17.8±1.7) and (15.3±1.1) times within 20 minutes under the scenarios of 6th vs.6th instars and 6th vs.5th instars, respectively. The most frequent movement in O.furnacalis under all the interactive scenarios was recoiling, with a highest mean frequence of (14.8±0.7) times for 5th vs.5th instars.Under the interactive scenario between S.frugiperda and O.furnacalis, touching was the most frequent movement in both pests, but S.frugiperda showed a higher attack movement than O.furnacalis.In addition, under the interactive scenario of the same instars of S.frugiperda and O.furnacalis, S.frugiperda dominated the interaction, while in the competition between different instars of these two pests, the older ones dominated.This study helps clarify the population advantages of these two pests and formulate corresponding control strategies.
Key words
Ostrinia furnacalis; Spodoptera frugiperda; attack; defense; survival rate
草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E.Smith) (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)是原产于美洲热带和亚热带地区的重要农业害虫,目前已经成为世界性的重大迁飞性害虫[1]。草地贪夜蛾于2019年1月在我国云南省发现并快速蔓延[2],仅2019年就已在26个省(自治区、直辖市)1 518个县(区)发生,对我国玉米等粮食作物构成极大的威胁[35]。……
