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基于中医多维辨证探讨慢性心肾综合征机制

2020-12-21聂慧芳徐文峰葛金文

湖南中医药大学学报 2020年11期

聂慧芳 徐文峰 葛金文

〔摘要〕 慢性心肾综合征是由心脏或肾脏慢性功能障碍导致另一器官慢性功能损伤的临床综合征,目前中西医病理机制并不十分明确,中医多从“心肾不交”进行阐述。从脏腑、络脉、三焦多维辨证角度,以脏器亏虚、络脉血瘀、三焦不利为辨证核心,探讨慢性心肾综合征的中医病机,以期为临床辨治慢性心肾综合征提供参考依据。

〔关键词〕 慢性心肾综合征;脏腑辨证;络病;三焦

〔中图分类号〕R256.5       〔文献标志码〕A       〔文章编号〕doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-070X.2020.11.007

〔Abstract〕 Chronic cardiorenal syndrome is a clinical syndrome in which chronic dysfunction of heart or kidney leads to chronic dysfunction in the other organ. At present, the pathological mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and western medicine is not very clear, and it is mostly expounded from "heart-kidney disharmony" in TCM. From the multi-dimensional angle of zang-fu organs, collateral and Sanjiao, this paper took viscera deficiency, collateral blood stasis and Sanjiao blockage as the core of syndrome differentiation, and discussed the TCM pathogenesis of chronic cardiorenal syndrome, so as to provide reference basis for its clinical diagnosis and treatment.

〔Keywords〕 chronic cardiorenal syndrome; syndrome differentiation of Zang-Fu organs; collateral disease; Sanjiao

2005年初,荷兰学者Bongartz等针对心力衰竭合并慢性肾功能不全发病率显著增加、两种疾病共存时预后显著恶化的临床及病理生理学改变特点,首次提出了“严重心肾综合征”概念,也称心肾综合征(cardiorenal syndrome, CRS)。2010年,改善全球肾脏病预后组织(KDIGO)及急性透析质量倡议(ADQI)共同指出:CRS是由心脏或肾脏原发功能障碍而导致另一器官急性或慢性功能损伤的临床综合征[1-2]。临床上CRS可分为多种亚型,以急、慢性可分為急性心肾综合征和慢性心肾综合征,若以原发脏器起病可分为心力衰竭引起的心肾综合征和肾衰竭引起的肾心综合征,慢性心肾综合征以及慢性肾心综合征是本文探讨的重点。CRS多以难纠正的心力衰竭或肾衰竭为特点,以尿量显著减少、顽固性水肿、喘憋不能平卧等为主要临床表现。目前,大多数慢性心肾综合征患者处于心力衰竭合并肾衰竭的终末期,临床处理非常棘手,西医治疗效果十分有限。中医典籍中并无“慢性心肾综合征”病名,但根据其临床表现,可归属于“水肿”“水气病”“喘症”等范畴。……

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