苏海兰 郑梅霞 王长方 陈宏 王旭卉 单寄坪 肖凤友 朱育菁

摘 要：为提高七叶一枝花在人工栽培过程中对茎腐病和叶斑病的抗病能力，在七叶一枝花移栽前采用50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂1000倍液、2%春雷霉素水剂400倍液、25%咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂600倍液、2%春雷霉素水剂400倍液和25%咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂600倍液（1∶1）的混合液、25%咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂600倍液5个处理对种苗进行浸泡处理，研究不同药剂处理对七叶一枝花茎腐病和叶斑病的防治效果。试验结果表明：七叶一枝花种苗采用50%多菌灵1000倍液和2%春雷霉素水剂400倍液浸泡处理后移栽抗茎腐病效果较好，防效均达到100%;各药剂处理对叶斑病的防效为43.3%～53.9%，差异未达显著水平。但采用50%多菌灵1000倍液浸泡处理后七叶一枝花种苗移栽植株生长状况较好，且出苗率与空白对照差异不显著。因此，综合考虑采用50%多菌灵1000倍液浸泡种苗后进行移栽的方法较适宜在七叶一枝花生产上推广应用。

关键词：七叶一枝花;茎腐病;叶斑病;病害防治

中图分类号：S567 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0253-2301（2020）08-0067-04

Abstract： In order to improve the resistance of Paris polyphylla Smith var. chinensis to the stalk rot and leaf spot in the field during the artificial cultivation， the five treatments including 1000 time dilution of 50% carbendazol wettable powder， 400 time dilution of 2% kasugamycin， 600 time dilution of 25% fludioxonil flowable concentrate for seed coating and the mixture of equal 400 time dilution of 2% kasugamycin and 600 time dilution of 25% fludioxonil flowable concentrate for seed coating were used to soak the seedlings of Paris polyphylla Smith var. chinensis before transplanting， in order to study the effect of different medicament treatments on the disease resistance of stalk rot and leaf spot of Paris polyphylla Smith var. chinensis. The results showed that the antistalk rot effect of Paris polyphylla Smith var. chinensis was better after the seedlings were soaked in 1000 time dilution of 50% carbendazim and 400 time dilution of 2% kasugamycin before transplanting， with the control effect reaching 100%. The control effect of various medicament treatments on leaf spot was 43.3% - 53.9%， with not significant difference. However， by soaking the seedlings of Paris polyphylla Smith var. chinensis with 1000 time dilution of 50% carbendazim before transplanting， the growth status of plant was better， and there was no significant difference between the emergence rate and that of the blank control group. Therefore， after comprehensive consideration， the method was more suitable to be popularized and applied in the production by soaking the seedlings of Paris polyphylla Smith var. chinensis with 1000 time dilution of 50% carbendazim before transplanting.

Key words： Paris polyphylla Smith var. chinensis; Stalk rot; Leaf spot; Disease control

七葉一枝花Paris polyphylla Smith var，别名蚤休、紫河车、草河车、华重楼、七叶莲、铁灯台等，属百合科Liliaceae重楼族Paridcac重楼属Paris L.多年生草本植物。七叶一枝花在我国药用历史悠久，是一种重要的稀缺中药材[1]。在七叶一枝花人工集中栽培过程中，因生长环境的变化，容易发生茎腐病、叶斑病、枯萎病和猝倒病等病害，严重危害七叶一枝花的产量和质量[2-3]。茎腐病初期在茎基部产生黄褐色病斑，后变黑褐色，引起根基组织腐烂。……