王萍 高霞 曹荣利 葛新成 冯光庆

摘    要：香菇是临沂市主要栽培的六大食用菌之一，但近年来当地的香菇生产规模逐年缩小。人才缺乏、技术落后、品牌竞争力弱、专业化分工弱、生产者投入较高和收入不理想是影响香菇生产规模缩小的主要因素。为了促进临沂市香菇产业健康可持续发展，在乡村振兴进程中发挥重要作用，对香菇的栽培规模、栽培模式和批发价格进行了广泛调查研究，并对临沂市的气候地貌、木料资源和扶持政策进行了分析，从中找出了专业技术人员缺乏、专业化分工薄弱、品牌培育薄弱和新冠疫情对传统销售影响明显四个需要改进的主要问题，在此基础上，提出了加强培育专业人才、新型农业经营主体、产品品牌和发展食用菌电商的针对性建议。

关键词：香菇;现状;优势;问题;策略

中图分类号：F326.13         文献标识码：A           DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2020.09.010

Abstract：Lentinus edodes is one of the six main edible fungi cultivated in Linyi city， but in recent years， the local Lentinus edodes production scale has been reduced year by year. Lack of talents， backward technology， weak brand competitiveness， weak specialization division of labor， higher input of producers and unsatisfactory income are the main factors affecting the reduction of Lentinus edodes production scale. In order to promote the healthy and sustainable development of Lentinus edodes industry in Linyi city and play an important role in the process of rural revitalization， the extensive investigation and research on the cultivation scale， cultivation mode and wholesale price of Lentinus edodes products were conducted， and the climate and topography， timber resources and supporting policies of Linyi city were also analyzed. From this， we found out four main problems that need to be improved， such as lack of professional and technical personnel， weak specialization division of labor， weak brand cultivation and obvious impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on traditional sales. Based on this， some targeted suggestions was put forward to strengthen the cultivation of professional talents， new agricultural management entity and product brands， and to develop mushroom e-commerce.

Key words： Lentinula edodes; current situation; advantages; problems; strategy

香菇是世界上著名的食用菌之一，具有很高的營养价值和药用价值，它既是中国人民喜爱的美味佳肴，又是传统的出口商品[1-2]。近年来，临沂市的香菇生产规模呈逐年缩减趋势。如何使香菇产业尽快向健康可持续方向发展，创造良好的经济效益和社会效益，是当前临沂香菇产业界和产区农业主管部门需要共同关心和思考的问题[3]。笔者在广泛调查研究的基础上，分析了本地香菇产业现状、发展优势和存在的问题，就如何利用好产业优势和有效解决当前存在的问题，提出了切实可行的应对策略。……