第一部分 閱读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Some children are natural-born bosses. They have a strong need to make decisions， manage their environment， and lead rather than follow. Stephen Jackson， a Year One student， “operates under the theory of whats mine and whats yours is mine，” says his mother. “The other day I bought two new Star Wars light sabers （剑）. Later， I saw Stephen with the two new ones while his brother was using the beat-up ones.”

“Examine the extended family， and youll probably find a bossy grandparent， aunt， uncle or cousin in every generation. Its an inheritable trait，” says Russell Barkley， a professor at the Medical University of South Carolina. Other children who may not be particularly bossy can gradually gain dominance （支配地位） when they sense their parents are weak， hesitant， or in disagreement with each other.

Whether its inborn nature or developed character at work， too much control in the hands of the young isnt healthy for children or the family. Fear is at the root of a lot bossy behavior， says family psychologist John Taylor. Children， he says in his book From Defiance to Cooperation， “have secret feelings of weakness” and “a desire to feel safe”. Its the parents role to provide that protection.

When a “boss child” doesnt learn limits at home， the stage is set for a host of troubles outside the family. The overly willful and unbending child may have trouble obeying teachers or coachers， for example， or trouble keeping friends. It can be pretty lonely as the top dog if no one likes your bossy ways.

“I see more and more parents giving up their power，” says Barkley， who has studied bossy behavior for more than 30 years. They bend too far because they dont want to be as strict as their own parents were. But they also feel less confident about their parenting skills. Their kids， in turn， feel more anxious.

1. Bossy children like Stephen Jackson    .

A. make good decisions

B. show self-centeredness

C. lack care from others

D. have little sense of fear

2. The underlined phrase “inheritable trait” in paragraph 2 means    .

A. inborn nature

B. developed character

C. accepted theory

D. particular environment

3. The study on bossy behavior implies that parents    .

A. should give more power to their children

B. should be strict with their children

C. should not be so anxious about their children

D. should not set limits for their children

4. What is the passage mainly about？

A. How bossy behavior can be controlled.

B. How we can get along with bossy children.

C. What leads to childrens bossy behavior.

D. What effect bossy behavior brings about.

B

Healthy knees arent the main consideration in choosing high heels， but new research says chunky heels are just as bad for the knees as spindly stilettos （细高跟鞋）. “It takes a long time to feel the effects of knee osteoarthritis （骨关节炎）—and once you do， it is too late，” said Dr. Casey Kerrigan， leading researcher of the study and associate professor at Harvard Medical Schools department of physical medicine. “I compare it to smoking—one cigarette is not painful， but over a lifetime it is. Wide-heeled shoes feel comfortable， so women wear them all day long，” Kerrigan said. “They are better for your feet than stiletto heels， but just as bad for your knees.”

In the study， researchers had twenty women wear two pairs of shoes with three-inch heels， one with a narrow heel and the other with a thick one. The scientists compared how much pressure was put on the womens knees by both types of shoes. The women also walked barefoot to test normal pressure. The scientists found that both types of shoes applied equal amounts of pressure to the knees. Compared with walking barefoot， the heels increased pressure on the inside of the knee by 26 percent. Increased pressure on the knee eventually leads to arthritis （關节炎）， experts say.

The idea that high heels are bad for your health isnt new—scientists have warned women for years that they contribute to problems ranging from corns to hammer toes， tendonitis， knee pain， sprained （扭伤） ankles and back problems. But in 1998， Kerdgan and a team of Harvard researchers were the first to link high heels and knee osteoarthritis， a painful joint disease that destroys cartilage （软骨） surrounding the knee. The first study looked only at stiletto heels， and Kerrigan said she wanted to study the chunky high-heeled shoes she noticed many women wearing. “This study confirms what we all intuitively （直觉地） know that high-heeled shoes of any kind are not good for our health，” said Dr. Glenn Pfeifer， a San Francisco doctor and member of the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons who was not connected to the study.

5. We learn from the passage that women choose chunky heels because    .

A. they want to walk comfortably

B. chunky heeled shoes are cheaper than stiletto heeled pairs

C. chunky heels do less harm to knees

D. chunky heels are not painful at all

6. It can be inferred from the passage that    .

A. people got to know the high heels are bad for health recently

B. people have known the high heels are bad for health for years

C. people havent known the high heels are bad for health yet

D. people will be warned that the high heels are bad for health soon

7. The best title for the passage may be    .

A. Taking Healthy Knees into Consideration

B. High-heels Do Harm to Knees

C. Chunky Heels and Stiletto Heels

D. When Wearing High-heels

C

“Opinion” is a word that is used carelessly today. It is used to refer to matters of taste， belief， and judgment. This inaccurate use would probably cause little confusion if people didnt attach too much importance to opinion. Unfortunately， most attach great importance to it. “I have as much right to my opinion as you to yours，” and “Everyones entitled to his opinion，” are common expressions. In fact， anyone who would challenge anothers opinion is likely to be branded intolerant.

Is that label accurate？ Is it intolerant to challenge anothers opinion？ It depends on what definition of opinion you have in mind. For example， you may ask a friend “What do you think of the new Ford cars？” And he may reply， “In my opinion， theyre ugly.” In this case， it would not only be intolerant to challenge his statement， but foolish. For its obvious that by opinion he means his personal preference， a matter of taste. And as the old saying goes， “Its pointless to argue about matters of taste.”

But consider this very different use of the term. A newspaper reports that the Supreme Court has delivered its opinion in a controversial （有爭议的） case. Obviously the justices did not share their personal preferences， their mere likes and dislikes. They stated their considered judgment， painstakingly arrived at after thorough inquiry and deliberation （审议）.

Most of what is referred to as opinion falls somewhere between these two extremes. It is not an expression of taste. Nor is it careful judgment. Yet it may contain elements of both. It is a view or belief more or less inaccurately arrived at， with or without examining the evidence.

Is everyone entitled to his opinion？ Of course， this is not only permitted， but guaranteed. We are free to act on our opinions only so long as， in doing so， we do not harm others.

8. Which of the following statements is TRUE， according to the author？

A. Everyone has a right to hold his own opinion.

B. Free expression of opinions always leads to confusion.

C. Most people tend to be careless in forming their opinions.

D. Casual use of the word “opinion” often brings about quarrels.

9. According to the author， who of the following would be labeled as intolerant？

A. Someone who turns a deaf ear to others opinions.

B. Someone who cant put up with others tastes.

C. Someone who values only their own opinions.

D. Someone whose opinion harms other people.

10. The new Ford cars are cited as an example to show that    .

A. it is foolish to criticize a famous brand

B. one should not always agree to others opinions

C. personal tastes are not something to be challenged

D. it is unwise to express ones likes and dislikes in public

11. Considered judgment is different from personal preference in that    .

A. it is stated by judges in the court

B. it reflects public like and dislikes

C. it is a result of a lot of controversy

D. it is based on careful thought

D

A friend of mine， in response to a conversation we were having about the injustices of life， asked me the question， “Who said life was going to be fair， or that it was even meant to be fair？” Her question was a good one. It reminded me of something I was taught as a youngster： Life isnt fair. Its disappointing， but its absolutely true. One of the mistakes many of us make is that we feel sorry for ourselves， or for others， thinking that life should be fair， or that someday it will be. Its not and it wont.

One of the nice things about surrendering （屈從） to the fact that life isnt fair is that it keeps us from feeling sorry for ourselves by encouraging us to do the very best we can with what we have. We know its not “lifes job” to make everything perfect， its our own challenge. Surrendering to this fact also keeps us from feeling sorry for others because we are reminded that everyone is dealt a different hand; everyone has unique strengths and problems in the process of growing up， facing the reality and making decisions; and everyone has those times that they feel victimized or unfairly treated.

The fact that life isnt fair doesnt mean we shouldnt do everything in our power to improve our own lives or the world as a whole. To the contrary， it suggests that we should. When we dont recognize or admit that life isnt fair， we tend to feel pity for others and for ourselves. Pity， of course， is a self-defeating emotion that does nothing for anyone， except to make everyone feel worse than they already do. When we do recognize that life isnt fair， however， we feel compassion （热情） for others and for ourselves. And compassion is a heartfelt emotion that delivers loving-kindness to everyone it touches. The next time you find yourself thinking about the injustices of the world， try reminding yourself of this very basic fact. You may be surprised that it can persuade you out of self-pity and into helpful action.

12. The writer thought of his friends question as a good one because    .

A. he also wanted to know who held such an opinion

B. it made him recall something during his childhood

C. like his friend， he also thought life was unfair

D. he learned something from the question as a youngster

13. Surrendering to the fact that life isnt fair will  .

A. keep us from making everything perfect

B. keep us from doing everything in our power

C. make us face unfair treatment bravely

D. make us know its our duty to perfect things

14. The second paragraph of the passage mainly tells us that    .

A. its nice to accept the injustice of life

B. its nice to surrender to the life

C. we should not surrender to the life

D. we should not feel sorry for everything

15. In the last paragraph， “this very basic fact” refers to the fact that    .

A. you should not pity for others

B. life isnt and wont be fair

C. compassion is heartfelt emotion

D. pity is a self-defeating emotion

第二節（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Forgiveness

To forgive is a virtue， but no one has ever said it is easy. When someone has deeply hurt you， it can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate. However， forgiveness is possible， and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health. People who forgive show less sadness， anger and stress and more hopefulness， according to a recent research. 16.   .

Try the following steps：

Calm yourself. 17.    You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure： a beautiful scene in nature， or someone you love.

Dont wait for an apology. Many times the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize. They may have wanted to hurt you or they just dont see things the same way. 18.    Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.

Take the control away from your offender. Rethinking about your hurt gives power to the person who causes you pain. Instead of focusing on your wounded feelings， learn to look for the love， beauty and kindness around you.

19.    If you understand your offender， you may realize that he or she was acting out of unawareness， fear， and even love. You may want to write a letter to yourself from your offenders point of view.

Dont forget to forgive yourself. 20.    But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you dont do it.

A. Why should you forgive？

B. How should you start to forgive？

C. Recognize the benefits of forgiveness.

D. Try to see things from your offenders angle.

E. For some people， forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.

F. To make your anger die away， try a simple stress-management technique.

G. If you wait for people to apologize， you could be waiting an awfully long time.

第二部分 語言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。

Digital technology has changed the way people access information. Since its  21  in the 80s， when people first experienced another way of life， technologies such as mobile phones and the Internet have become cheap and common. Some people see this as a window of opportunity to deal effectively with such problems as  22 . They argue that the government should make mobile phone and the Internet  23  free of charge to anyone looking for a job. I 24  with this point of view.

In the first place， one of the most common reasons why jobless people cant find employment is that the skills they have are not  25  or are out of date. More often than not， they cant keep pace with society in terms of the knowledge that they own. Instead of investing public funds in an expensive infrastructure  26  mobile phones for free to those out of work， the  27  should organize training programmes that people out of work could sign up for in order to  28  new skills.

Another argument  29  the idea is the way the use of the Internet and mobile phones would be controlled. It would be technically very  30  to control how these technologies are used， for there has been no successful example to follow in the world.  31 ， public funds could be used to provide subsidized （給予补助的） bus or subway tickets for the unemployed who， for example， need to travel for a job interview.

32 ， it would be prohibitively expensive to maintain such a system and ensure that it worked properly. The government could invest public funds in training courses for the staff working in job centers to make them more  33  at helping the unemployed to find jobs.

To sum up， I am  34  that public money should not be wasted on expensive technology， and can be better used to  35  the problem of unemployment by giving the unemployed free and better-quality life.

21. A. production   B. introduction

C. exhibition D. development

22. A. crime B. poverty

C. unemployment   D. education

23. A. available B. affordable

C. reliable D. useful

24. A. argue B. disagree

C. discuss D. compare

25. A. needed   B. accepted

C. valued   D. considered

26. A. distributing   B. buying

C. making D. updating

27. A. company B. government

C. team D. organization

28. A. acquire   B. possess

C. practice D. apply

29. A. with B. over

C. about D. against

30. A. wrong   B. important

C. challenging D. necessary

31. A. Instead   B. Besides

C. Therefore D. Still

32. A. However B. Moreover

C. Thus D. Secondly

33. A. objective B. careful

C. convenient   D. efficient

34. A. doubtful B. proud

C. convinced   D. satisfied

35. A. raise B. handle

C. debate   D. create

第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Before the 17th century， most of the native English speakers lived in England. After the 17th century， British people began to move to other 36.    （country）. Gradually， English was spoken there. At present 37.    （many） people speak English as their first， second or a foreign language than ever before. 38.    （luck）， native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.

English 39.    （change） and developed when cultures met and communicated with each other over the past centuries. The English 40.    （speak） in England between about AD450 and 1150 was very different 41.    the modern English we speak today. It was the new settlers that enriched the English language and 42.   （especial） its vocabulary. The English language was settled by the 19th century 43.  two big changes in English spelling happened. English now is also spoken as a foreign 44.  second language in South Asia. China may have the 45.    （large） number of English learners.

第三节（共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分）

根据汉语意思或首字母填写合适单词完成句子。

46. She pays a quarter of her salary into a p    plan.

47. The search for the missing child continued， but time was s    away.

48. The only way to satisfy the golf b    was to build more courses.

49. Lets do a s   . You work Friday night and Ill do Saturday in exchange.

50. Mary is facing the d    of obeying her father or marrying the man she loves.

51. As a member of the aristocracy， she enjoyed a     （特權） of good education.

52. A giant iceberg was on a     （撞击） course with the ship.

53. The idea of euthanasia （安乐死） is rather     （有争议的） even in medicine.

54. To contact someone by e-mail， you must have his p    （准确的，确切的） e-mail address.

55. If a student only pays attention to the exercises， he or she will develop     （分析的） skills but not creative skills.

第三部分 写作（满分15分）

假定你是李华，你的英国朋友John来信询问中国人过春节的风俗习惯，请你结合自己家乡的实际情况给他回信，内容包括：

1. 春节的简介;

2. 过节的风俗习惯;

3. 邀请他来中国过春节。

注意：

1. 词数80左右;

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;

3. 信的开头已为你写好。

Dear John，

Yours

Li Hua

参考答案

第一部分 阅读理解

第一节

1—4 BABC 5—7 ABB 8—11ABCD

12—15 CDAB

第二节

16—20 BFGDE

第二部分 语言知识运用

第一节

21—25 BCABA 26—30 ABADC 31—35 ABDCB

第二节

36. countries 37. more 38. Luckily 39. has changed 40. spoken 41. from 42. especially 43. when 44. or 45. largest

第三节

46. pension 47. slipping 48. boom 49. swap 50. dilemma 51. privilege 52. collision 53. controversial 54. precise 55. analytical

第三部分 写作

One possible version：

Dear John，

Im glad that youre interested in the Chinese Spring Festival.

The Spring Festival is the most important festivals among Chinese people. It falls on the first day of the first lunar month. During the festival， people eat the most delicious food and wear the most beautiful clothes. Parents of relatives may give children lucky money in red paper. There are dragon dances and other interesting activities， and families celebrate the Lunar New Year together.

I sincerely invite you to spend this Spring Festival in my hometown.

Yours

Li Hua

（作者：毛春霞，江苏省泰州市第三高级中学）