赵波 刘鑫泱 蔡特金

摘 要：实习经历将在校学习的知识转化为工作实践，组织在招聘时注重新员工的实习经历，但学界现有实习经历的研究多停留在描述层面，未能客观测量实习经历和深入探索实习经历在新员工正式步入职场后对工作绩效产生的影响。本研究通过文献梳理和访谈法开发了中国情境下的实习经历量表，基于社会认同理论研究了新员工实习经历对工作绩效的作用机制，以及职业认同的中介作用。实证研究结果表明：新员工实习经历与工作绩效呈显著正相关关系;实习经历与职业认同呈显著正相关关系，同时，职业认同在实习经历和工作绩效之间起到了部分中介作用。

关 键 词：实习经历;工作绩效;职业认同;新员工

DOI：10.16315/j.stm.2020.04.011

中图分类号： C93

文献标志码： A

Study on the relationship between newcomers internship，

career identity and work performance

ZHAO Bo， LIU Xinyang， CAI Tejin

（College of Management， Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications， Nanjing 210003， China）

Abstract：Internship transforms the knowledge learned in school into work practice， and organizations pay attention to the internship of newcomers in the recruitment process. However， the existing studies on internship in the academic circle are mostly focused on the description level， failing to objectively measure internship and the impact of internship on work performance of newcomers after they officially enter the workplace. This study developed an internship scale in Chinese context through literature review and interview， and studied the mechanism of newcomers internship on work performance and the mediating effect of career identity based on social identity theory. The empirical research results show that： the internship of newcomers has a significantly positive impact on work performance; internship has a positive impact on career identity. Meanwhile， career identity has incomplete mediating effect in the relationship of newcomers internship and work performance.

Keywords：internship; work performance; career identity; newcomers

隨着经济社会的不断发展，“90后”与“00后”步入职场，成为企业可持续发展的重要新生力量。这些新生代呈现出新的代际特征：有个性、敢想敢为、希望做有意义、不无聊的任务。然而，首次进入职场的新员工常常发现所处的真实情况与自己预想的不同，他们不能快速进入工作状态、融入组织，这些都会导致新员工出现较低的工作绩效和很高的离职率。同时，组织也对这些新员工也提出了更高的要求，期待他们在进入职场前就做好准备，在入职后能够快速适应工作环境、拥有较好的工作表现。组织实践发现具备实习经验和一定工作技能的新员工，更能够主动学习并快速融入组织，有最佳的绩效表现。……