夏雪

1. take place 发生;进行;举行

take place为不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态。

We may never discover what took place that night. 我们可能永远不会知道那一夜发生了什么事情。

The film festival takes place in October. 电影节于十月举行。

Where did the story take place？ 这个故事是在哪里发生的？

【拓展】

take the place of 取代;代替;take sb.s place 坐某人的座位;代替某人的位置;be in place of 代替;in place 在平常或应在的地方;合适的;replace... with... 用……代替……;in ones place 处于某人的位置;out of place 不在应在的位置

I had to go out so Jane took my place at the meeting. 我得外出，因此简代替我去参加了会议。

Some of these books are out of place. Please put them in right order. 有些书位置不对，请把它们按顺序放好。

The agency has rung up. Do you want another girl sent along in place of Miss Lewis？ 办事处已来过电话，你想让他们派另外一个姑娘来代替刘易斯小姐吗？

These new facilities will take the place of the old ones. 这些新设备将代替那些旧的。

【辨析】 happen， take place

happen作“发生;举行”解时是不及物动词，没有被动语态，常常具有偶然性，特别是“人”作主语时;happen to也可接名词，表示“遭到”或“偶然发生”某种情况;take place 作“发生”解时也是不及物动词短语动词，主要是指事先安排的“发生”，它没有偶然的意思。

【练一练】

根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。

1. 我打算买辆新车来取代我那旧车。

Im going to _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ a new one.

2. 我敢肯定，电邮不会取代信件。

I can say for sure that the email will never

_______ _______ _______ _______ the letter.

3. 约翰生病了，所以我代替他出席了那次会议。

I attended the meeting _______ _______  _______ John because he was sick.

4. 老师把全班排好队，告诉学生不要离开原地。

The teacher lined up the class and told them not to get _______ _______ _______.

5. 我喜欢一切都在其适当的位置。

I like to have everything _______ _______.

6. 我碰巧在和他談话时，他被一块石头击中。

I _______ _______ _______ _______ with him when he was hit by a stone.

2. belief n. 信任;信心;信仰

His story is beyond belief. 他的话难以置信。

There is nothing more natural than a childs belief in his parents. 没有任何事情比孩子对他父母的信赖更为自然。

【拓展】

beyond belief 难以置信的，令人吃惊的;难以想象地，非常地;have belief in 相信，信任;believe v. 相信，信任，认为，想;believe it or not 信不信由你;believe in 信仰，信任某人

Theyre paying $100，000 for a small flat—its beyond belief. 他们花了十万美元买下一个小公寓楼——真是令人难以置信。

And they had a common belief in realizing their desire. 而且他们对实现他们的渴望抱着普遍的信心。

Most people believe that the strike will last for at least a week. 多数人相信，罢工至少会延续一个星期。

Im amazed to hear from my school teacher again. Believe it or not， it is ten years since we last met. 再次听到学校老师的来信，我感到很惊讶。信不信由你，我们距上次见面已经十年了。

We usually believe in him， but this doesnt mean we always believe him. 通常我们信任他，但这并不意味着我们总是相信他所说的话。

【练一练】

单句语法填空。

1. Mr. Smith _______ （believe） to be an accessory to the murder at that time.

2. I believe _______ your ability to solve the problem.

3. There is a general _______ （believe） that things will soon get better.

4. The flu is believed _______ （cause） by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.

3. dress up 盛装，打扮，装饰

What they wanted was to dress up and display themselves. 他们想的就是打扮得漂漂亮亮，展示自己的风采。

He dressed up as a policeman. 他装扮成一个警察。

【拓展】

dress sb. / oneself up 把某人/自己打扮起来;be dressed in 穿……衣服;dress down 责备，指责

I dressed the children up for the party. 我把孩子们打扮起来参加宴会。

The man is dressed in blue. 那男人身穿蓝色衣服。

I was dressed down by the teacher for lateness. 我因为迟到而受到老师的责备。

【练一练】

单句语法填空。

1. When the little child caught sight of the young woman _______ （dress） in white he started brawling immediately.

2. The little girl dressed _______ （she） quickly and went to school.

3. We are supposed to dress _______ as movie characters for the party. What a novel idea！

4. Dressed _______ a white uniform， he looks more like a cook than a doctor.

4. look forward to 盼望;期待

to在这里是介词，后面应该用名词或者动名词形式。

Im always looking forward to your reply. 我一直期待着你的回信。

Mary said she was looking forward as much to his return as he himself to seeing her. 玛丽说她期盼着他回来，就像他期盼着见到她一样。

【拓展】

look forward to中的to是介词，其后接名词或动名词，其他类似短语还有：get down to 开始（认真）做;devote oneself to 献身于……;致力于……;be / get used to 习惯于……;pay attention to 注意……;make contribution to 做出贡献

Im going to get down to studying English this term. 这学期我要认真学英语了。

Ive decided to devote myself to the nation after finishing my study. 我已经决定学成后投效祖国。

You must pay attention to this problem before every thing. 你应该首先注意这个问题。

【练一练】

单句语法填空。

1. Im looking forward to _______ （do） this thing.

2. The wonderful time they had been looking forward to _______ （arrive） at last.

3. Its time to have class. Please pay attention to _______ I am saying.

4. Dont worry. After lunch we will get down to _______ （discuss） the problem.

5. as if / though好像

as if / though可以位于系動词look， seem， feel， sound， smell等后引导表语从句，从句常使用虚拟语气，形式是：①如果表示与现在事实相反的假设，谓语动词应使用一般过去时;②如果表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用had+过去分词;③如果表示与将来事实相反的假设，谓语动词用would /could / might+动词原形。

It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon. 看来天气很快就会好起来。（实现的可能性较大，谓语用陈述语气）

He looks as if he were an artist. 他长得好像一位艺术家。

It seems as if our team is going to win. 看来我们队要胜了。

I feel as if high school was only yesterday. 我觉得高中就像昨天一样。

【拓展】

as if / though也可以引导方式状语从句，引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，汉译常译作“仿佛……似的;好像……似的”。

They completely ignore these facts as if / though they never existed. 他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它们不存在似的。

He was singing as though / if he hadnt had / didnt have a care in the world. 他唱着歌，好像人世间他没有忧虑。

【练一练】

单句语法填空。

1. Though wounded， the soldier looked as if nothing _______ （happen）.

2. It seems as if he _______ （learn） by heart a speech written by someone else.

3. She spoke English so fluently as if she _______ （study） English in Britain.

4. He talks as if he _______ （know） the accident clearly.

5. The old man runs as if he _______ （be） a

young man.

6. The injured man acted as if nothing _______ （happen） to him.

7. He opened his mouth as if he _______ （say） something.

6. turn up开大（音量等）;翻起;出现;（尤指失去后偶然）被发现

We turned the radio up so that everyone might hear the important news. 为了每个人都能听到这个重要消息，我们把收音机调高了音量。

She turned up the missing papers under her notebook. 她在她的记事本下找到了丢失的文件。

We had been waiting for him for a long time， yet he didnt turn up. 我们等了半天也没见他来。

【拓展】

turn out “结果是;证明是”，后接不定式;turn about=turn around 向后转;变方向;turn against 背叛;turn down 拒绝;关小（音量等）;turn over 把……翻过来;移交;打翻;turn in 交出;上交;turn into 变成;turn on / off 开;关;turn to 求助于;求教于;in turn輪流地;take ones turn=take turns轮班（做某事），轮流做某事

【练一练】

单句语法填空。

1. Please turn all the lights _______ as you leave the building.

2. The tap wont turn _______， so I must ask for help.

3. Could you turn _______ the radio a little？ Its too noisy.

4. Turn _______ the recorder a little， please， because I cant hear that.

词语点睛

（Key p. 37）