高速公路膨胀土特殊路基设计研究
2020-10-21张忠海
张忠海


摘 要:高速公路对路基的承载性与稳定性具有较高要求,由于我国幅员辽阔,地形复杂多样,越来越多的公路基础设施建设延伸山区,非常容易遇到红黏土、冻土、黄土、盐渍土和膨胀土等特殊路基建设情况。特别是膨胀土会对路基承载性带来不利影响,如果得不到有效处理,易诱发路基沉降、坍塌等病害,因此加强其科学设计显得尤为重要。文章在对膨胀土的分类、判别与工程特性进行分析的基础上,重点对高速公路膨胀土路基设计对策进行探讨。
关键词:高速公路;膨胀土;特殊路基;设计对策
中图分类号:U416 文献标志码:A 文章编号:2095-2945(2020)30-0092-02
Abstract: Expressway has higher requirements for the bearing capacity and stability of subgrade. Because of the vast territory and complex terrain of our country, more and more highway infrastructure construction extends to mountainous areas; therefore, it is very easy to encounter special road infrastructure such as red clay, frozen soil, loess, saline soil and expansive soil. In particular, expansive soil will have a negative impact on the bearing capacity of subgrade. If it is not effectively treated, it is easy to induce subgrade settlement, collapse and other diseases, so it is particularly important to strengthen its scientific design. Based on the analysis of the classification, discrimination and engineering characteristics of expansive soil, this paper mainly discusses the design countermeasures of the subgrade of expansive soil in expressway.
Keywords: expressway; expansive soil; special subgrade; design countermeasure
膨脹土广泛分布在我国众多省份与区域,尤其是在河北、陕西、江苏、河南与四川等地带分布范围较为广泛。高速公路膨胀土路段,若没有做好相应的路基设计,就容易诱发路基沉降、坍塌等质量缺陷,进而会影响高速公路行车的安全性与稳定性。通过本文论述,旨在可以找到一些有效处理膨胀土路基设计的方法与手段,提高膨胀土路基整体强度与稳定性,确保工程质量。
1 膨胀土的分类、判别及其成因分析
膨胀土本身是一种胀缩性特性很强且涉及到比较多裂隙的地质体,其在失水状态下会展现出很强的收缩性特性,在吸水状态下会展现很强的膨胀性特性,这种土质特征容易严重破坏工程结构物。膨胀土的这些特性主要源于其具有比较大的塑性、塑限与液限指数,在天然含水率条件下容易处在比较坚硬的状态,相应的压缩性也相对较低,这种特性使得其常常容易被工程施工人员和技术人员所忽视,进而会给工程建设埋下潜在的质量与安全隐患。……
