对Argo海洋观测浮标的故障机理分析
2020-10-21李强
李强
摘 要:文章以海洋观测浮标作为研究对象,简要阐述Argo剖面浮标的总体结构和工作原理,针对浮标运行中常见的电池能量骤减、搁浅、传感器故障与马达倒转等故障成因及其解决方案进行详细分析,并基于LabVIEW开发环境进行传感器监测系统的设计,依托串口通信实现浮标故障的及时监测与报警,以期为极地等极端海洋环境下浮标系统的高效可靠运作提供参考,延长浮标的运行周期与服役寿命。
关键词:极地海洋;Argo浮标;压力传感器
中图分类号:P715.2 文献标志码:A 文章编号:2095-2945(2020)30-0049-02
Abstract: This paper takes ocean buoy as the research object, making a brief profile of buoy the general structure and working principle of the Argo. Aiming at common battery energy loss in the operation of the buoy, ran aground, sensor and motor reverse fault causes and solutions, a detailed analysis is made. Andaccording to the LabVIEW development environment for the design of sensor monitoring system and based on a serial port communication, this study tries to realize real time fault monitoring and alarm for the buoy, in order to provide the reference for polar extreme ocean buoy system under the environment of high efficiency and reliable operation and lengthen the operation cycle of the buoy and the service life.
Keywords: polar ocean; Argo float; pressure sensor
1 浮标的总体结构与工作原理
1.1 总体结构
海洋观测浮标是为海洋科学与海上工程学提供温度、风浪、涌浪、风速、浪高、潮汐、温湿度、大气压力、波流流向等数据资料的海洋监测系统,主要分为有缆式、无缆式水下观测两种类型[1]。其中普通有缆式潜标在执行海洋观测任务时需在系缆沿线安放多个观测仪器,缺乏良好的灵活性、整体监测成本较高;而无缆式浮标可自主完成数据采集与记录,利用无线通讯技术提供多种传输方式,支持无限布设、电缆数量较少,具备良好的适用价值。以Argo浮标为例,该浮标主要由液压缸、真空泵、液压泵、电路板与电池组等元件组成,配合端盖、底盖、法兰、皮囊、壳体、夹子、密封圈、支撑架、减速电机等零部件组成浮标总体结构。浮标主要利用柱塞泵控制液压缸执行伸长或缩短操作,当推动液压缸伸长时,液压缸将带动浮标的内壳、外壳分离,增大浮标体积与浮力,使浮标上升;当液压缸缩短时,在内部真空负压与外部皮囊的拉力作用下将使浮标内外壳重合,致使浮标体积和浮力缩小。……
