电子指针式两路兆欧表的设计
2020-10-21游雨云程智君
游雨云 程智君



摘 要:本设计使用变压器降压,获得三路低压正弦交流电,采用TL431实现两路高精度基准稳压,为绝缘电阻提供电压,另一路构成双电源,为工作电路供电电压。使用低输入失调电压运放OP07驱动两路表盘分别指示照明和动力的绝缘对地电阻值。电路共设置了4个报警档位和1个自检档位,当绝缘电阻值低于设定值时,报警电路指示灯亮,并通过继电器输出报警信号,自检档位用于表头显示校准。STC15W104为主控芯片,控制按键切换报警档位,同时输出PWM信号经RC滤波转换为直流比较基准电压。
关键词:TL431;报警档位;STC15W104;PWM信号
中图分类号:TM934.1文献标志码:A 文章编号:2095-2945(2020)30-0041-02
Abstract: This design uses transformer step-down to obtain three low-voltage sinusoidal alternating current, uses TL431 to achieve two high-precision reference voltage stabilization, provides voltage for insulation resistance, and the other constitutes a double power supply to supply voltage for the working circuit. The low input offset voltage operational amplifier OP07 is used to drive the two dials to indicate the insulation-to-ground resistance of lighting and power respectively. The circuit has a total of four alarm gears and one self-check gear. When the insulation resistance is lower than the set value, the alarm circuit indicator light is lit, and the alarm signal is output through the relay. Then, the self-test gear position is used for the display and calibration of the meter. STC15W104 is the main control chip, which controls the button to switch the alarm gear, and at the same time, the output PWM signal is converted into DC reference voltage by RC filter.
Keywords: TL431; alarm gear; STC15W104; PWM signal
引言
手搖式兆欧表可临时检测电路的绝缘情况,对于有些需要时刻监测绝缘阻值的场合则不实用,本设计可安装在电路中,时刻监测电路的绝缘情况,并能在绝缘值下降到设置的报警档位时进行报警,切断供电电路,保护人员和用电设备的安全。电路共分为4个功能部分:电源电路,采样驱动电路,主控电路和报警电路。
1 电源电路
电源电路使用一路交流220V输入,两路交流32V和一路交流双12V输出变压器降压。两路32V输出经TL431获得约2.5V~36V的基准稳压,为被测绝缘电阻提供基准电压。其中,基准电压输出值为:UZM_VCC=2.5×(1+)V,UDL_VCC=2.5×(1+)V,RP1和RP2为电压幅值调节电阻,调试过程中通过调节RP1和RP2将UZM_VCC和UDL_VCC电压调整至26V左右。另一路双12V输出经过整流滤波后,通过LM7809和LM7909构成正负9V直流电源,为运放提供电源。从+9V端接7805获得+5V电源,为主控芯片单片机提供电源。
2 采样驱动电路……p>
