王文韬 孙敏 罗章华

摘要：本文介绍了MOOCs教学和OTO教学内涵、特点及现状。通过分析这两种教学在研究和应用领域的优缺点，得出高职机械设计与制造教学模式应该发挥MOOCs和OTO教学的优势，以改善传统课堂教学效果、提升学生综合职业素养。建议MOOCs视阈下高职机械设计与制造OTO教学模式应该将学生的技能训练、实操实践、职业素养融入教学，充分整合资源，依托实验实训，在理实一体化的课堂里督促学生进步，提升各项能力;同时提出教学模式改革的5点要求①合理分配网络在线学习与传统课堂教学;②及时推送学习频率高的教学资源;③分层混合教学构型;④基于实验实训的教学理念;⑤完善教学质量保障机制。

Abstract： This paper introduces the connotation， characteristics and current situation of MOOCs teaching and OTO teaching. By analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of these two teaching methods in research and application fields， it is concluded that the teaching mode of mechanical design and manufacturing in higher vocational colleges should give play to the advantages of MOOCs and OTO teaching， so as to improve the effect of traditional classroom teaching and improve students' comprehensive professional quality. This paper suggests that the OTO teaching mode of mechanical design and manufacturing in higher vocational colleges from the perspective of MOOCs should integrate students' skill training， practical practice and professional quality into teaching， fully integrate and utilize learning resources， rely on experimental training， and urge students to make progress and improve their abilities in the integrated curriculum; and put forward five requirements of teaching mode reform ①reasonable distribution of online learning and traditional classroom teaching; ②timely push teaching resources with high learning frequency; ③hierarchical mixed teaching configuration;④teaching philosophy based on experimental training; ⑤improve the teaching quality guarantee mechanism.

关键词：MOOCs;OTO教学模式;高职;机械设计与制造

Key words： MOOCs;OTO teaching mode;higher vocational colleges;mechanical design and manufacturing

0  引言

MOOCs音译为慕课，中文翻译为大规模开放在线课程。MOOCs的四大核心是Massive（大规模）、Open（开放）、Online、（在线）、Courses（课程），四大基本特征是种类齐全的学习资源、免费且开放的学习权限、互联网的学习环境、定期教学的课程安排，四大教学理念是自主、协作、交互、共享[1-3]。当前MOOCs在国内受到广泛关注并得到了迅速的发展，我国已建设了若干个颇具影響力的学习平台[4]，例如爱课程网、学堂在线、慕课网、网易云课堂等。

OTO教学是混合式教学的一种类型，形式上是线上课程+线下课程，目的是充分发挥传统课堂教学和网上自主学习的优势[5]，线上课程不是辅助或丰富教学形式的教学活动，而是达成教学目标的必要教学环节;线下课程不是简单照搬传统课堂，而是对线上课程教学成果的进一步深入，突出老师主导，学生主体，教学做一体的教学模式。……