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西瓜品种‘黑皮’对瓜蚜的抗性遗传分析

2020-09-02陈青梁晓伍春玲刘迎徐雪莲

热带作物学报 2020年7期

陈青 梁 晓 伍春玲 刘迎 徐雪莲

摘  要:采用單株蚜量比值法室内鉴定与RAPD、SCAR标记相结合的方法,系统开展了西瓜品种‘黑皮对瓜蚜的抗性遗传分析。结果表明,以‘黑皮和‘花绿为亲本的杂交F1代对瓜蚜表现为抗性,自交F2代植株表型出现抗感性分离,抗蚜与感蚜植株分离比经χ2测验符合3∶1分离规律,并用筛选获得的RAPD标记WO4600和SCAR标记WO4-S530验证了4个抗蚜品种、4个感蚜品种和10个F2抗蚜单株、10个F2感蚜植株。结果以‘黑皮为亲本的西瓜抗蚜性由单显性核基因控制且能稳定遗传,‘黑皮‘绿美人‘黑美人和‘惠兰品种对瓜蚜具有良好抗性,‘花绿‘凤光‘蕙宝和‘甜美人品种则易感蚜虫。

关键词:西瓜品种;瓜蚜;抗蚜性;遗传分析中图分类号:S436.5      文献标识码:A

Genetic Analysis of Resistance of Watermelon Cultivars ‘Heipi to Aphis gossypii

CHEN Qing1,2,3,4, LIANG Xiao1,2,3,4, WU Chunling1,2,3,4, LIU Ying1,2,3,4, XU Xuelian1,2,3,4

1. Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Pests Comprehensive Governance for Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China; 3. Hainan Engineering Research Center for Biological Control of Tropical Crops Diseases and Insect Pests, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China; 4. Hainan Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Control of Tropical Agricultural Pests, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China

Abstract: To get stable resistant watermelon cultivars, the genetic analysis of the resistance of watermelon cultivar ‘Heipi toAphis gossypii was proceeded by the ratio of aphid number at seedling in a greenhouse added with RAPD and SCAR. The reciprocal-hybrid F1of ‘Heipi and ‘Hualv was resistant while the resistant and susceptible plants in F2hybrid fitted the separation ratio of 3:1 byχ2test. Four resistant cultivars, four susceptible cultivars, ten resistant F2 single plants and ten susceptible F2 single plants were verified with screened RAPD WO4600 and SCAR WO4-S530. The results indicated that the resistance of the parent ‘Heipi toA. gossypiiwas controlled by a dominant single gene which was stably inherited, ‘Heipi, ‘Lvmeiren, ‘Heimeiren and ‘Huilan were aphid-resistant cultivars, ‘Hualv, ‘Fengguang, ‘Huibao and ‘Tianmeiren were aphid-susceptible cultivars.

Keywords: watermelon cultivars;Aphis gossypii; aphid-resistance; genetic analysis

2  结果与分析

2.1抗蚜性遗传分析

由表1可知,西瓜品种‘黑皮和‘花绿正反杂交后代F1表型均未出现抗、感性分离,平均单株蚜量比值分别为0.22和0.24,表现为高抗(HR)。F1自交所得F2代植株表型出现抗感性分离,抗蚜与感蚜植株分离比经χ2测验符合3∶1分离规律(表1)。上述结果说明,西瓜抗蚜性由单显性核基因控制,且能稳定遗传。

2.2 抗蚜性遗传的RAPD标记验证

以抗性稳定的抗蚜西瓜品种‘黑皮和感蚜西瓜品种‘花绿为亲本正反杂交后代F2抗、感混合DNA池为模板,从北京三博远志生物0

技术有限责任公司的89对随机引物中筛选出有多态性差异的引物5对(图1)。然后以F2代抗、感混合DNA池、两亲本、F1代以及F2代抗、感各1个单株DNA为模板,对这5对引物进一步筛选,最终筛选出1个重复性好、扩增条带清晰可辨、片段大小约为600 bp的1条差异带,在上述抗虫DNA池中存在而在感虫DNA池中不存在,将其命名为WO4600(图2)。……

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