10种观赏竹的光合特性及叶绿素荧光特性研究
2020-09-02乔一娜李云鸽刘聘刘凯张晓庆荣俊冬陈礼光
乔一娜 李云鸽 刘聘 刘凯 张晓庆 荣俊冬 陈礼光



摘 要:本研究以10種不同观赏竹为研究对象,分别对不同竹种的叶绿素、光合特性、叶绿素荧光特性进行测定和对比分析,并通过主成分分析法对10种不同观赏竹进行综合评价,进而筛选出满足城市绿化种植的优良高效竹种,也为不同观赏竹种的选育和园林绿化利用提供参考依据。结果表明:(1)在整个生长期内,佛肚竹(Bambusa ventricosa)的叶绿素含量最高,唐竹(Sinobambusa tootsik)最低;(2)在10种观赏竹中,金丝慈竹(Bambusa affinis)、花巨竹(Gigantochloa verticillata)、花孝顺竹(Bambusa multiplexf. Alphonse-karri)、花竹(Bambusa albo-lineataChia)这4种竹子的净光合速率(Pn)值都在3.5 μmol/(m2?s)以上,而青丝黄竹(Bambusa eutuldoides var. viridi-vittata)的Pn值最低,仅为1.34 μmol/(m2?s)。不同观赏竹的净光合速率与蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)和水分利用率(WUE)之间存在显著的相关关系;(3)青丝黄竹、花巨竹、唐竹的PSⅡ潜在的光化学活性(Fv/Fo)和PSⅡ有效光化学量子效率(Fv/Fm)值相对较高,紫竹[Phyllostachys nigra (Lodd. ex Lindl.)Munro]、花孝顺竹相对较低。同时花竹、唐竹、金丝慈竹都有较高的非光化学淬灭系数(qN)、光化学淬灭系数(qP)、PSⅡ光化学效率(Yield/ΦPSII)。由此可见,在相同生长环境下,不同观赏竹的光合利用能力、光合效率及光适应能力不同,且有显著差异。综合评价可知,花巨竹、金丝慈竹、佛肚竹为高光效竹种,光合适应性较强,适宜城市绿化种植。
关键词:观赏竹;光合特性;叶绿素荧光中图分类号:S795 文献标识码:A
Photosynthetic Characteristics and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics of Ten Ornamental Bamboo Species
QIAO Yina1, LI Yunge2, LIU Pin1, LIU Kai1, ZHANG Xiaoqing1, RONG Jundong1, CHEN Liguang1*
1. College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; 2. College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
Abstract: Ten different ornamental bamboo species were selected to study the photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of different bamboo species. Principal component analysis was used to comprehensively evaluate the species and to screen species whicn meeting urban greening cultivation. During the whole growth period, the chlorophyll content ofAmbusa ventricosawas the highest, and that ofSinobambusa tootsikwas the lowest. ThePnvalue ofBambusa affinis,Gigantochloa verticillata, Bambusa multiplexf. Alphonse-karri andBambusa albo-lineataChia was 3.5 μmol/(m2?s) or more, and that ofBambusa eutuldoides var. viridi-vittatawas 1.34 μmol/ (m2?s), the lowest. There was a significant correlation between net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs) and water use efficiency (WUE) of different species. The potential photochemical activity (Fv/Fo) and PSII effective photochemical quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm) value of PSII ofB. eutuldoides var.viridi-vittata,G. verticillataandS. tootsikwere relatively high.Phyllostachys nigra (Lodd. ex Lindl.) Munro andB. multiplexf. Alphonse-karri were relatively low.B. albo-lineataChia,S. tootsikandB. affinishad higher non-photochemical quenching coefficient (qN), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) and PSII photochemical efficiency (Yield/ΦPSII). It could be seen that under the same growth environment, the photosynthetic utilization ability, photosynthetic efficiency and light adaptability of different ornamental bamboos were different, and there were significant differences. According to the comprehensive evaluation,G. verticillata,B. affinisandB. ventricosaare high-efficiency bamboo species, and the light is suitable for strong greening.
Keywords: ornamental bamboo; photosynthetic characteristics; chlorophyll fluorescence
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2020.07.012
我国城市绿化建设起步相对较晚,而竹类植物在城市绿化建设中发挥着重要作用。竹类植物的观赏价值、文化内涵等优势,在城市绿化和园林建设等方面应用广泛[1]。同时城市园林绿化建设存在多方面需求,需要不同形状、种类和生长特性的竹类资源进行合理性配置。……
