牛宗新 邬超 李亚防 廉志闯 杨晓红

【摘要】 目的：建立饲鸽者肺SD大鼠模型，比较不同时期饲鸽者肺模型的病理表现。方法：选用清洁级健康SD大鼠36只，随机分为两组，对照组12只，实验组24只。对照组给予0.9%氯化钠溶液雾化吸入，实验组给予鸽子粪便、羽毛、皮屑等脱落物制备冻干粉溶液雾化吸入，2 h/d，共16周。造模第1、2、4、12、14周，实验组随机选取3只大鼠取组织标本。第16周处死全部大鼠。结果：造模第1周出现急性期表现，第2～14周均为亚急性期表现，第16周开始出现慢性期表现，实验组和对照组病理表现比较差异有统计学意义（P=0.000）。结论：鸽子粪便、羽毛、皮屑等脱落物的蛋白提取物可以构建不同病理分期的饲鸽者肺SD大鼠动物模型，可根据需求选择不同的时间造模。

【关键词】 饲鸽者肺 SD大鼠 动物模型

doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2020.19.070 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805（2020）19-0-03

Study on the Establishment and Pathological Performance of Lung SD Rat Models in Pigeon Breeder's Lung/NIU Zongxin， WU Chao， LI Yafang， LIAN Zhichuang， YANG Xiaohong. //Chinese and Foreign Medical Research， 2020， 18（19）： -174

[Abstract] Objective： To establish a Sprague-Dawley rat （SD rat） model of the pigeon breeder's lung and to compare the pathological performance of the lung model of pigeon breeder in different periods. Method： A total of 36 clean-level health SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups， 12 cases in the control group and 24 cases in the experimental group. Rats in the control group were atomized inhaled of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Solution， rats in the experimental group were atomized inhaled with Freeze-dried Powder Solution which were made up by pigeon dung， feathers and dander， 2 hours per day， for a period of 16 weeks. At the 1， 2， 4， 12， 14 week of intervention， 3 rats were randomly selected from the experimental group to execute for their lung tissue samples. All rats were executed in week 16. Result： The pathological characteristics of acute period were observed in the first week， the pathological characteristics of subacute period were observed in week 2 to 14， chronic period performance in week 16. There were statistically significant differences in pathological manifestations between the experimental group and the control group （P=0.000）. Conclusion： The freeze-dried powder solution which were made up of pigeon dung， feathers， and dander can establish SD rat models of pigeon breeders lung， and choose different time according to the need.

[Key words] Pigeon breeders lung Sprague-Dawley rat Animal models

First-authors address： Shihezi University Medical School， Shihezi 832002， China

飼鸽者肺（pigeon breeders lung，PBL）属于外源性过敏性肺泡炎或过敏性肺炎（hypersensitivity pneumonitis， HP），是敏感个体反复吸入鸽子粪便、羽毛、皮屑等脱落物蛋白后诱发的肺部炎症反应性疾病[1-2]。饲鸽者肺急性期症状有发热、咳嗽、乏力等非特异性症状[3]，亚急性期主要表现为胸闷、气短等症状[4]。临床工作中该疾病诊断困难，早期病变很少行肺活检，病理资料相对较少，本实验旨在建立饲鸽者肺动物模型为后续该疾病研究提供一定帮助，并观察研究各期病理改变，对该疾病进一步研究及临床诊断提供一定帮助，具体如下。

1 材料与方法

1.1 实验动物

本实验采用清洁级健康成年SD大鼠（sprague-dawley rat， SD Rat），雌雄不拘，6～8周龄，体重180～200 g，购于常州卡文斯动物实验有限公司，实验动物许可证号：SCXK（苏）2016-0010。……