张敏敏 孟海英 李海燕

【摘要】 目的：探讨3R护理法联合认知训练对血管性认知障碍患者认知功能及生活质量的影响。方法：选取徐州市中心医院2017年8月-2019年7月收治的60例血管性认知障碍患者，根据入院先后顺序将其随机分为治疗组和对照组，每组30例。对照组给予常规护理，治疗组在对照组基础上给予3R护理法联合认知训练。比较两组MMSE及ADL评分。结果：护理前两组MMSE及ADL评分比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）;护理后，治疗组MMSE及ADL评分均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：3R护理法联合认知训练可以提高血管性认知障碍患者的认知功能，且改善患者的生活质量，具有一定的临床指导意义，值得临床推广。

【关键词】 3R护理法 认知训练 血管性认知障碍 认知功能 生活质量

doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2020.19.040 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805（2020）19-00-03

Effects of 3R Nursing Combined with Cognitive Training on Cognitive Function and Quality of Life in Patients with Vascular Cognitive Impairment/ZHANG Minmin， MENG Haiying， LI Haiyan. //Chinese and Foreign Medical Research， 2020， 18（19）： -101

[Abstract] Objective： To explore the effect of 3R nursing combined with cognitive training on cognitive function and quality of life in patients with vascular cognitive impairment. Method： A total of 60 patients with vascular cognitive impairment admitted in Xuzhou Central Hospital from August 2017 to July 2019 were selected and randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group according to the sequence of admission， with 30 cases in each group. The control group was given routine nursing， and the treatment group was given 3R nursing combined with cognitive training on the basis of the control group. The MMSE and ADL scores of the two groups were compared. Result： There were no statistically significant differences in MMSE and ADL scores between the two groups before nursing （P>0.05）. After nursing， the MMSE and ADL scores of the treatment group were higher than those of the control group， and the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion： 3R nursing combined with cognitive training can improve the cognitive function of patients with vascular cognitive impairment and improve the quality of life of patients， which has certain clinical significance and is worthy of clinical promotion.

[Key words] 3R nursing Cognitive training Vascular cognitive impairment Cognitive function Quality of life

First-authors address： Xuzhou Central Hospital， Xuzhou 221000， China

血管性认知障碍（vascular cognitive impairment，VCI）是脑血管病危险因素、脑血管病引起的认知功能障碍（mild cognitive impairment，MCI）到痴呆的一大类综合征[1]。血管性认知障碍的临床表现主要是记忆、学习、言语理解、视觉及人格障碍、表達应用、执行力、视空间等方面的功能障碍，影响着患者的生活质量，给社会及家庭带来了沉重的经济负担。VCI是唯一可防治的痴呆，并且预防尤其关键[2]。研究表明，通过对患者日常生活中的干预及训练，可以延缓甚至逆转VCI的进展，因此早期建立适当的预防疗法尤其重要[3]。可以应用护理模式提高VCI患者的生活质量和控制精神行为症状的出现与发展，而目前VCI的专科护理研究比较少，并且单一的护理模式尚不能满足VCI患者和家属多样化的需求[4]。认知训练是通过不同的认知训练提高认知功能和认知储备[5]。因此，本研究探讨3R护理法联合认知训练对血管性认知障碍患者认知功能及生活质量的影响，为临床治疗提供一定的指导，现报道如下。