程宝英

[摘要] 目的 分析探究护理干预对妊娠糖尿病患者血糖控制及妊娠结果的影响。方法 该次研究采取随机盲选法，将2018年5月—2019年5月该院收治的78例妊娠糖尿病患者划分为两组，各组39例;其中，对照组实行常规护理，观察组实行护理干预，对比两组患者的血糖指标、妊娠结局及胎儿窘迫发生率。结果 ①观察组，护理后空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白均明显低于对照组，两组数据差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;②观察组剖宫产率、早产率、羊水过多率、胎膜早破率、妊高症率均明显低于对照组，两组数据差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;③观察组胎儿窘迫发生率的2.56%明显低于对照组的20.51%，两组数据差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 妊娠糖尿病患者实行护理干预的效果良好，能有效控制血糖指标，改变不良妊娠结局，大大降低胎儿窘迫发生率。

[关键词] 护理干预;妊娠糖尿病;血糖控制;妊娠结果

[中图分类号] R47          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1672-4062（2020）06（a）-0162-03

[Abstract] Objective To analyze and investigate the effect of nursing intervention on glycemic control and pregnancy outcome in patients with gestational diabetes. Methods The random blind selection method was used in this study to divide 78 cases of gestational diabetes patients admitted to the hospital from May 2018 to May 2019 into 2 groups， 39 cases in each group. Among them， the control group was given routine care and the observation group nursing intervention was implemented to compare the blood glucose indexes， pregnancy outcomes and fetal distress rate of the 2 groups of patients. Results 1.In the observation group， fasting blood glucose， 2 h postprandial blood glucose， and glycated hemoglobin after nursing difference were statistically significantly lower than those in the control group（P<0.05）. The data of the two groups was statistically signifantly differnce（P<0.05）; 2.The cesarean section rate， premature birth rate， polyhydramnios rate， premature rupture of membranes， and pregnancy-induced hypertension in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group， and the data of the two groups had statistical significance. 3.The incidence of fetal distress in the observation group was 2.56%， which was significantly lower than that in the control group， 20.51%. The data of the two groups was statistically signifantly differnce（P<0.05）. Conclusion The effect of nursing intervention for patients with gestational diabetes is good， which can effectively control blood glucose indexes， change the adverse pregnancy outcome， and greatly reduce the incidence of fetal distress.

[Key words] Nursing intervention; Gestational diabetes; Blood glucose control; Pregnancy outcome

相关统计数据显示，截止2018年我国妊娠糖尿病患病率突破6%大关，呈逐年递增趋势，并且其疾病发展机制相对复杂，与诊断标准放宽、妊娠年齡推迟、二孩政策开放及产妇营养状况改善等因素间存在着密切联系。同时，妊娠糖尿病不止是不良妊娠结局的主要影响因素，更能大大增加围产期各种并发症发生率，甚至存在致死的可能性。除定期测定血糖指标外，临床护理妊娠糖尿病着重强调控制糖分摄入量，方可降低并发症发生率及改变妊娠结局，消除产后发生2型糖尿病的风险。如何做好妊娠糖尿病患者护理干预工作，得到越来越多护理人员的关注及重视。鉴于此，该文将该院2018年5月—2019年5月收治的78例妊娠糖尿病患者作为研究的对象，其目的是重点探究护理干预对妊娠糖尿病患者血糖控制及妊娠结果的影响，现报道如下。

1  资料与方法

1.1  一般资料

该次纳入研究的78例患者，所有患者均符合妊娠糖尿病的诊断标准，并且于知情条件下签署实验同意书，基本排除失语、合并精神疾病及合并严重肝肾疾病的情况。……