小儿糖尿病酮症酸中毒临床急救措施及护理体会
2020-09-02蔡爱妮韦飞飞
蔡爱妮 韦飞飞


[摘要] 目的 分析小儿糖尿病酮症酸中毒临床急救措施及护理体会。方法 选取2018年8月—2019年8月该院收治糖尿病酮症酸中毒患儿65例,采用临床急救与护理法,分析急救护理前后的血糖、血钾、血钠指标及炎性细胞因子水平,记录血液pH指标恢复时间、酮症酸中毒纠正时间。结果 护理后的血糖、血钾与血钠指标优于护理之前,数据对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理后的炎性细胞因子水平低于护理之前,数据比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 糖尿病酮症酸中毒患儿发病之后,急救与护理工作十分重要,应予以足够的重视。
[关键词] 小儿糖尿病;酮症酸中毒;急救措施;护理
[中图分类号] R47 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1672-4062(2020)06(a)-0127-03
[Abstract] Objective To analyze the clinical first aid measures and nursing experience of diabetic ketoacidosis in children. Methods From August 2018 to August 2019, 65 patients with diabetic ketoacidosis were treated in the hospital. The clinical first aid and nursing methods were used to analyze the blood glucose, potassium, sodium and inflammatory cytokines before and after emergency care level, record the recovery time of blood PH index, correction time of ketoacidosis. Results The indexes of blood glucose, potassium and sodium after nursing were better than those before nursing, and the data comparison was statistically significant(P<0.05). The level of inflammatory cytokines after nursing was lower than that before nursing, and the data were statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion After the onset of diabetic ketoacidosis, the first aid and nursing work are very important and should be given sufficient attention.
[Key words] Pediatric diabetes; Ketoacidosis; First aid measures; Nursing
小儿糖尿病酮症酸中毒是儿科临床最常见的内分泌急症之一,20%~30%的糖尿病患儿首次就诊原因就是糖尿病酮症酸中毒,发生原因是胰岛素明显不足,生糖激素不适当升高,导致出现酮症酸中毒。患儿糖尿病酮症酸中毒初期临床表现并不明显,粗心的家长容易忽视患儿病情而错过病情的最佳治疗时机,当呕吐、多尿、脱水与腹部疼痛等臨床症状比较明显表现出来的时候[1],往往病情已经呈现迅速发展趋势且不够稳定,危险程度很高。患儿身体发育尚未成熟,一些器官功能尚不够完善,因此身体免疫系统机能尚不够完善,如果不能合理地进行急救,患儿会出现意志不清、器官衰竭,甚至昏迷,对生命安全造成威胁。为探索最佳的急救与护理措施,该文于2018年8月—2019年8月针对该院收治的65例糖尿病酮症酸中毒患儿,提出相关的急救措施与护理方式,研究急救护理前后的指标变化,旨在为护理工作的质量改进提供准确依据,报道如下。……
