钟露华 陈祚和 肖士桂 黄玉娟

[摘要]目的 研究改良胃管在食物中毒患者中的應用效果。方法 选取2018年9月～2019年11月我院收治的56例食物中毒患者，依据随机对照原则分为对照组与研究组，每组各28例。对照组用常规洗胃管，研究组用改良胃管。比较两组洗胃次数、堵管次数、洗胃时间、并发症及插管前后的心率、收缩压变化。结果 研究组插管次数、堵管次数少于对照组，研究组洗胃时间为（43.96±10.03）min，短于对照组的（56.23±11.23）min，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组并发症总发生率（7.14%）低于对照组（35.71%），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;插管后研究组心率、收缩压变化低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 通过改良胃管可有效减少食物中毒患者堵管率、缩短洗胃时间，提高临床治疗效果。

[关键词]改良胃管;食物中毒;洗胃;堵管率;安全性;应用

[中图分类号] R472          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1674-4721（2020）7（a）-0218-03

Application effect of modified gastric tube in patients with food poisoning

ZHONG lu-hua   CHEN Zuo-he   XIAO Shi-gui   HUANG Yu-juan

Department of Emergency， Xingguo County People′s Hospital of Ganzhou City， Jiangxi Province， Xingguo   342400， China

[Abstract] Objective To study the application effect of modified gastric tube in patients with food poisoning. Methods Fifty-six cases of food poisoning patients admitted to our hospital from September 2018 to November 2019 were selected. According to the principle of random control， they were divided into the control group and the research group， 28 cases in each group. Routine gastric tube washing was used in the control group， the research group was used modified gastric tube. Gastric lavage time， tube blocking times， gastric lavage time， complications and changes in heart rate and systolic blood pressure before and after intubation were compared between the two groups. Results The number of intubation and tube blocking in the research group were less than those in the control group， the gastric lavage time in the research group was （43.96±10.03） min， which was shorter than that in the control group of （56.23±11.23） min， the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. The total incidence of complications in the observation group （7.14%） was lower than that in the control group （35.71%）， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Changes of heart rate and systolic blood pressure in the research group after intubation were lower than those in the control group， the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion The improvement of gastric tube can effectively reduce the rate of tube blockage， shorten the time of gastric lavage and improve the clinical effect.

[Key words] Improved gastric tube; Food poisoning; Gastric lavage; Tube plugging rate; Security; Application

洗胃是指一定成分液体灌入胃腔，与胃内容物混合后抽出，经多次反复的过程，而达到清除胃内未被吸收的毒物（或清洁胃腔）的目，临床常用于胃部手术、检查前准备，对中毒患者抢救首选措施，可迅速清除胃内毒物，减少毒物吸收[1]。随生活习惯的变化，社会、生活等压力增加，患者暴饮暴食、饮食不规律，或误食相克食物，导致患者中毒，严重影响患者身体健康，造成急诊中毒需洗胃患者显著增加，对正确置入胃管，并顺利彻底洗胃，达到最佳洗胃效果是其关键[2]。而堵管是中毒洗胃常见问题，堵管发生不仅增加洗胃时间、插管次数，还加重患者损伤，降低抢救成功率，本研究以我院收治的56例患者为观察对象，探讨常规胃管与改良胃管在食物中毒患者洗胃中的应用效果，现报道如下。

1资料与方法

1.1一般资料

选取2018年9月～2019年11月我院收治的56例食物中毒患者，依据随机对照原则分为对照组与研究组，每组各28例，本研究已经医院医学伦理委员会审核批准。……