船舶分油机仿真系统的设计与实现
2020-09-01焦品博王海燕
焦品博 王海燕



摘要:为帮助学员掌握分油机的工作原理和操作方法,以Alfa Laval S系列分油机为研究对象,结合层次状态机的概念,设计两层嵌套状态机作为分油机仿真系统的整个工作周期内的逻辑控制。通过简化分离筒的几何形状建立分油机的数学模型,以模拟分油机内油水分界液面的变化。采用树形拓扑结构描述操作菜单的信息显示。利用可编程逻辑控制器(programmable logic controller, PLC)通信技术,实现分油机的半实物仿真系统。测试结果表明,层次化的状态控制使得系统控制过程结构化、清晰化,状态之间的转换关系表达明确,能逼真地模拟分油机的工作过程。
关键词: 船舶分油机; 层次状态机; 数学模型; 半实物仿真
中图分类号: U664.81+2; TP391.92 文献标志码: A
Design and realization of simulation system for marine oil purifiers
JIAO Pinbo, WANG Haiyan
(Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China)
Abstract: In order to help students master the working principle and operation method of the oil purifier, the Alfa Laval S series oil purifier is taken as the research subject, and a two-layer nested state machine is designed as the logical control of the whole working cycle of the oil purifier simulation system based on the concept of the hierarchical state machine. The mathematical model of the oil purifier is established by simplifying the geometry of the separation cylinder. By this model, the change of the oil-water interface is simulated. A tree topology is used to describe the information display of the operation menu. With the application of the programmable logic controller (PLC) communication technology, the semi-physical simulation system of the oil purifier is realized. The test results show that the hierarchical state control makes the system control process structured and clear, the transition relationship between states is clearly expressed, and the working process of the marine oil purifier can be simulated realistically.
Key words: marine oil purifier; hierarchical state machine; mathematical model; semi-physical simulation
0 引 言
船舶分油機是船舶净化燃油和滑油必不可少的设备,其净化性能直接影响船舶柴油机的工作性能和使用寿命。掌握船舶分油机的工作原理和操作方法是航海学员的必修课程,设计贴近实船的半实物分油机系统仿真模拟器将发挥重要作用[1-3]。黄小松[4]采用嵌入式微处理器STM32作为主控芯片,设计了分油机模拟控制面板。LI等[5]和WANG等[6]在建立数学模型的基础上,结合可编程逻辑控制器(programmable logic controller, PLC)编程模拟分油机工作时序控制。张宁等[7]设计了实时管理数据的过程仿真支撑平台,并结合单片机技术以及CAN采集卡和CAN总线,设计了与实船操作一致的仿真控制箱。上述研究中,利用单片机和PLC技术实现了分油机系统工作流程的时序控制[8],但不能清晰定位系统的运行状态。……
