APP下载

沉井基础应用及试验模拟

2020-08-25于文杰丁新张安静窦国涛

河南科技 2020年19期

于文杰 丁新 张安静 窦国涛

摘 要:沉井因埋深大、整体性强、稳定性好和施工工艺简单等优势被广泛应用于基础建设项目中。但是,随着建设项目的扩展,沉井深度越来越深,尺寸越来越大,下沉过程对沉井刃脚要求越来越高。本文介绍了沉井刃脚下沉过程中刃脚处扰动土压力的变化规律,介绍了相关试验模拟方法,以期得到扰动土压力作用下沉井刃脚受力机理,为沉井刃脚的设计提供理论依据。

关键词:沉井基础;刃脚;试验模拟;扰动土压力

中图分类号:U445.6文献标识码:A文章编号:1003-5168(2020)19-0116-03

Abstract: Sunk shaft foundation is widely used in infrastructure projects because of its deep buried depth, strong integrity, good stability and simple construction technology. However, with the expansion of construction projects, the depth and size of sunk shaft foundation are getting deeper and larger, and the requirements for the edge of sunk shaft foundation are higher and higher. This paper introduced the variation law of disturbed earth pressure at the edge of sunk shaft foundation in the process of sinking, and introduced the relevant experimental simulation methods, in order to obtain the force mechanism of sunk shaft foundation under the action of disturbed earth pressure, and provide theoretical basis for the design of sunk shaft foundation edge foot.

Keywords: sunk shaft foundation; cutting edge;experimental simulation;disturbed earth pressure

1 沉井基礎

沉井基础是先在地表制作成一个井筒状的结构物(沉井),然后在井壁的围护下通过从井内不断挖土,依靠自身重力克服井壁摩阻力后下沉到设计标高,然后再经混凝土封底并填塞井孔,使其成为桥梁墩台或其他结构物的基础[1-2]。与其他基础相比,沉井基础有更大的埋深、更加良好的完整性和结构稳定性,具有较大的底面支撑面积,能承受较大的垂直和水平荷载。此外,沉井既是基础,又是施工时的挡土和挡水围堰结构物。沉井施工工艺简单安全,有稳妥可靠的技术,不需要特殊的专业设备,在深基础或地下结构中应用较为广泛,如桥梁墩台基础、地下泵房、水池、油库、矿用竖井以及大型设备基础、高层和超高层建筑物基础等。

但是,沉井基础施工周期较长,对粉砂、细砂类土在井内抽水时易发生流砂现象,造成沉井倾斜;沉井下沉过程中遇到的大孤石、树干或井底岩层表面倾斜过大,也将给施工带来一定的困难。……

登录APP查看全文