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日本街区书店经营策略创新与实践

2020-08-25吴琼

出版科学 2020年4期

吴琼

[摘 要] 散落在街头巷尾的街区书店是日本一道道亮丽的街景。深陷“出版不况”恶潮中的街区书店并未束手待毙,而是积极思考逆境求生的策略和方法,最终实现“不死反生”。以惠文社一乘寺店、模索舍、今野书店、歌舞伎町图书中心为代表的街区书店纷纷以消费者为中心进行观念、产品、技术、营销创新,基本完成基因变异与进化。事实证明,命运反转后的街区书店已经成为立地街区居民的心灵栖居之所,经济效益与社会效益甚佳。而街区书店自我救赎的法门也为我国深陷泥沼的实体书店找寻涅磐之径提供了可借鉴的参考。

[关键词] 街区书店 街区触媒 营销创新 逆潮而为

[中图分类号] G239[文献标识码] A[文章编号] 1009-5853 (2020) 04-0082-06

Innovation and Practice of Marketing Strategy of Japanese Block Bookstore

Wu Qiong

(School of Languages and Media, Anhui University of Finance and Economics, Bengbu, 233000)

[Abstract] The bookstores scattered alongside the blocks constitute a very impressive spectacle in Japan. The block bookstores that are deeply immersed in the “bad publication” are not at a loss. Instead, they actively work out strategies and methods to revive in the face of adversity, and eventually “publish rather than perish”. The bookstores represented by Keibunsha Bookstore, Musakusha Bookstore, Konno Shoten Bookstore and the Book Center of Kabuki have all taken consumer-oriented measures to innovate their notions, products, technologies and marketing, and evolved completely at its most vibrant. It proves that the innovative bookstores have become a spiritual habitat of the local residents, rising economically on the one hand and serving the whole society on the other. The survival strategies of the block bookstores in Japan will act as cases to refer to for bookstores perishing and fighting to survive in China.

[Key words] Block bookstore Block catalysts Marketing innovation Counter trend

1 引 言

20世紀90年代初,日本经济泡沫破裂。“乐观”的出版界认为出版业因其独特性可免“身陷囹圄”,至少到1996年,出版业飞速增长已持续40年。可是,1997年拐点出现,“出版不况”(出版业不景气)以迅雷之势席卷全业,出版社、批发商、“取次”、零售商无一幸免。1996年至2019年,作为出版“大端”的漫画杂志连续23年呈现负增长之窘态,2019年电子漫画更是首次超过纸质漫画的销售额[1]。日本实体书店1999年为22296家,2009年为15765家,2017年为12526家,而2018年则为12026家,19年间累计减少10270家,年均闭店540.53家[2]。茑屋书店等大型连锁书店凭丰腴“内脂”可熬过寒冬。“身单力薄”的独立书店则难以应对,“关门落帷”现象屡见不鲜。与其唉声叹息,不如上下求索、推陈出新。事实证明,以岩下书店、三月书房、悬崖书房为代表的街区书店凭借营销创新,呈逆市之新颜,已成日本一道道亮丽的街景。……

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