侯瑞丽 牛文亮 韦丽琴 王玥 张楠

[摘要] 目的 探讨本科院校教师的心理资本及职业倦怠的现状，并探讨心理资本对职业倦怠的影响。方法 于2018年3～6月采用完全随机抽样的方法抽取内蒙古本科院校教师作为研究对象，采用目前国际公认的职业倦怠量表（MBI-GS）和心理资本问卷中文修订版（PCQ-24）對教师的职业倦怠状况、心理资本状况进行测评。采用t检验、方差分析等分析职业倦怠、心理资本现况及影响因素，并进一步采取分层回归分析心理资本对职业倦怠的影响。结果 职业倦怠总阳性率为68.1%;心理资本总分为（111.94±19.72）分;慢性病、担任行政职务为职业倦怠的危险因素，汉族较蒙族和其他民族职业倦怠得分高，工龄越长、薪酬越高职业倦怠得分越低;心理资本的希望维度可负向预测职业倦怠。 结论 心理资本对职业倦怠有负向预测作用，可通过提升教师心理资本水平来降低其职业倦怠程度，从而提高教师职业健康水平。

[关键词] 内蒙古;本科院校;教师;职业倦怠;心理资本

[中图分类号] R135          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2020）18-0148-04

The effect of psychological capital of teaching staff in undergraduate institutions on job burnout

HOU Ruili1， 2   NIU Wenliang3   WEI Liqin1   WANG Yue1   ZHANG Nan1

1.School of Public Health， Baotou Medical College， Baotou   014060， China; 2.Institute of Nutrition and Food Health， Baotou Medical College， Baotou   014060， China; 3.Department of Neurology，the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College， Baotou   014030， China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the current situation of psychological capital and job burnout of teaching staff in undergraduate institutions， and to explore the effect of psychological capital on job burnout. Methods From March to June 2018， teaching staff from undergraduate institutions in Inner Mongolia were selected as the study subjects by complete random sampling method. The current internationally recognized job burnout scale （MBI-GS） and the Chinese modified version of the psychological capital questionnaire （PCQ-24） were used to evaluate the job burnout and psychological capital of the teaching staff. The current status of job burnout， psychological capital and influencing factors were analyzed by t test and analysis of variance，and the hierarchical regression was further adopted to analyze the effect of psychological capital on job burnout. Results The total positive rate of job burnout was 68.1%;the total score of psychological capital was（111.94±19.72） points; chronic diseases and taking administrative duties were risk factors for job burnout. The scores of job burnout in Han ethnicity were higher than those in the Mongolian and other ethnic groups.The longer the seniority and the higher the salary， the lower the burnout score; the hope dimension of psychological capital could be used to negatively predict job burnout. Conclusion Psychological capital has a negative predictive effect on job burnout.It can reduce the level of occupational burnout by raising the level of psychological capital of teaching staff， thereby improving the level of their occupational health.

[Key words] Inner Mongolia; Undergraduate institutions; Teaching staff; Job burnout; Psychological capital

职业倦怠是指个体应对工作中长期的压力源而产生的心理综合征，主要表现为一系列的延迟性心理反应和行为表现，即情绪低落、身心疲惫、创造力缺乏、个人价值感降低等[1]。目前，我国教育、教学改革的进程较快，力度较大，对教师的综合素质要求较高，教师的职业压力也日益显著。作为教师职业群体中的高校教师，前沿的科学研究需开展，又要承担教育教学工作，高校教师面临着更大的职业压力，是职业倦怠的高发人群[2]。……