夏晓娜 吴成蓉 阮骊韬 台明辉 杨锦茹 魏炜 赵巧玲

[摘要] 目的 探討PBL联合模拟教学法在超声规范化培训中的应用价值。 方法 选择2016年6月～2019年6月在我科参加规范化培训的规培生30名，其中参加PBL联合模拟教学法组（观察组）14名，参加PBL教学法组（对照组）16名，两组学员进行为期6个月以上的教学指导。教学结束后，采用出科理论考试和上机技能操作考试及问卷调查的方法对两组教学效果进行评价。 结果 ①观察组专业理论及技能操作考试成绩均高于对照组（P<0.05）。②观察组规培学员对规范化培训的教学内容、教学方法和带教模式的总满意率明显高于对照组（P<0.05）。③观察组学员对PBL教学联合模拟教学法的反馈意见中认为该方法可以提高学习的综合能力，并且比传统教学方法好，赞同评价的一致率达85%以上。 结论 PBL联合模拟教学法在超声科规范化培训教学中应用效果良好，尤其值得在介入超声培训中推广应用。

[关键词] 模拟教学;PBL教学;联合;超声规范化培训

[中图分类号] R47-4;G642          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2020）17-0161-04

Application of PBL combined with simulation teaching method in the standardized training of ultrasound

XIA Xiaona   WU Chengrong   RUAN Litao   TAI Minghui   YANG Jinru   WEI Wei   ZHAO Qiaoling

Department of Ultrasound Imaging， the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University， Xi'an   710061， China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the application value of PBL combined with simulation teaching method in the standardized training of ultrasound. Methods 30 regular training students who participated in standardized training in our department from June 2016 to June 2019 were selected， including 14 students in PBL combined with simulation teaching method group（observation group） and 16 students in PBL teaching method group（control group）. Two groups of students were given teaching instruction for more than 6 months. After the end of the teaching， the teaching effect of the two groups was evaluated using the graduation theory test， computer skills operation test and questionnaire survey. Results ①The scores of professional theory and skill operation test in the observation group were higher than those in the control group（P<0.05）. ②The overall satisfaction rate of standardized training students with standardized training contents， teaching methods and teaching models in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group（P<0.05）. ③The feedback of students in the observation group on the PBL teaching combined with simulation teaching method believed that this method can improve the comprehensive ability of learning and was better than the traditional teaching method. The consensus rate of the evaluation was more than 85%. Conclusion The PBL combined with simulation teaching method has a good effect in the standardized training teaching of the ultrasound department， and it is especially worth promoting and applying in the interventional ultrasound training.

[Key words] Simulation teaching; PBL teaching; Combination; Standardized training of ultrasound

近年来，住院医师规范化培训的带教越来越受到重视。其目的是通过系统的规范化培训学习，全面夯实住院医师的基础理论知识以及临床工作技能，使住院医师成为能够胜任临床工作的优秀医师，以提升医疗队伍的整体水平[1，2]。PBL教学法（Problem based learning）是指以临床问题作为激发学生的学习动力，引导学生掌握学习内容的教学方法，超声医学实践性和专业性很强，这种方法在超声教学中逐步兴起[3，4];模拟教学法是近年来一种新兴的教学方法，是以学习者为中心的学习方式，可以给学习者提供安全有效的教学环境，学员可以通过多次的重复练习而获得临床操作技巧，可以避免直接面对患者的尴尬或者紧张[5，6]，可以使学员较快的掌握理论和实践操作，目前超声教学中尚没有两种教学方法相结合教学效果的评估，为此本研究旨在对比PBL教学模式及其与模拟教学法联合后的教学效果，为更好的教学提供参考依据，现报道如下。……