中国武术的认知观念
2020-08-12刘皓
刘皓
摘 要:中国武术是中国五千多年传统文化孕育并发展起来的,为实现中华民族的伟大复兴,中华民族优秀文化是复兴道路上的重中之重。在文化强国战略下,国家推动文化自信,中国武术的关注热度也水涨船高。近些年来,武术界热衷于谈论“中国武术文化”,但对于中国武术的认知观念却是百家争鸣。现存在3种中国武术的认知观念,可分别概括为简单性认知、复杂性认知和整体性认知。本文从这3种认知进行探讨,寻找最适合的认知观念,为中国武术的传播提供思维支撑。
关键词:武术 思维认知 中国传统文化
中图分类号:G852 文献标识码:A 文章编号:2095-2813(2020)06(c)-0199-02
The cognitive concept of Chinese martial arts
Liu Hao
(School of Physical Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Province, 750021 China)
Abstract: Chinese martial arts have been bred and developed by the Chinese traditional culture of more than 5000 years. To realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the outstanding culture of the Chinese nation is the top priority on the road to rejuvenation. Under the cultural power strategy, the country promotes cultural confidence, and the attention of Chinese martial arts is also rising. In recent years, the martial arts community has been keen to talk about "Chinese martial arts culture", but the perception of Chinese martial arts is controversial. The three existing cognitive concepts of Chinese martial arts can be summarized as simple cognition, complex cognition and holistic cognition.This paper discusses these three cognitions, and looks for the most suitable cognitive concepts to provide thinking support for the spread of Chinese martial arts.
Key Words: Martial arts; Thinking cognition; Traditional Chinese culture
1 簡单性认知
简单性认知是将武术中的某一方面为主要核心来概括整体的认知方式,它的产生来源于2008年北京奥运会武术进入奥运会失败,这使武术界的很多人士开始反思,提出了回归传统。在刘文武在《“武术文化”的剖析与评价》[1]
和吴敬攀在《传统武术文化的思维方式对当代武术发展的启示》[2]中,认为武术文化不等同于中国传统的文化,武术文化中的“阴阳”“八卦”“太极”等传统观点都是借鉴中国传统文化的内容,而武术中的“技法”则是区别于中国传统文化的关键,认为武术文化的核心是武术“技法”,认为武术当中的传统文化是通过“技法”来表现出来的。但本人对此认知并不赞同,该观点过于强调武术“技法”的作用,是将武术进行分离式的认知。现已经统计拳种的已有130多种,种类众多,特点各有不同,如果以“技法”的角度看待武术,则显得太过单一,很多拳种的技法要求以达到“意”为最高要求,而对于“意”的体悟却又因人而异,以简单性认知来认识如此繁多的武术拳种显然是不切实际的。……
