刘杰

[摘要] 目的 对比卡前列素氨丁三醇注射液与米索前列醇在孕产妇产后出血中的预防效果。 方法 便利选取该院在2018年5月—2019年7月收治的孕产妇97例，根据入院时间将其分为观察组（49例）与对照组（48例），其中观察组患者给予卡前列素氨丁三醇注射液进行治疗，对照组给予口服米索前列醇治疗，观察两组产妇的治疗效果、产后出血量以及不良反应率。 结果  观察组不管是术中出血量，还是术后2 h，24 h出血量均要显著低于对照组患者（t=6.642、15.264、14.631， P<0.05）;在治疗总有效率上，观察组有效率为97.9%，对照组为89.5%，差异有统计学意义（χ2=5.216，P<0.05）;最后，观察组不良反应率10.2%要显著低于对照组22.9%，差异有统计学意义（χ2=3.570，P<0.05）。结论  针对于具有产后大出血倾向的孕产妇，可基于缩宫素的基础上，采取卡前列素氨丁三醇注射液予以治疗，能有效降低产后出血量及减少并发症，安全有效，值得临床推广应用。

[关键词] 卡前列素氨丁三醇注射液;米索前列醇;产后出血

[Abstract] Objective To compare the preventive effects of carboprost tromethamine injection and misoprostol on postpartum hemorrhage in pregnant women. Methods convenient selection of 97 pregnant women admitted to the hospital from May 2018 to July 2019 were enrolled. They were divided into observation group （49 cases） and control group （48 cases） according to the time of admission， in which patients in the observation group were given carboprost. The tromethamine injection was used for treatment， and the control group was given oral misoprostol， and the treatment effect， postpartum hemorrhage and adverse reaction rate were observed in the two groups. Results The amount of bleeding in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group at both 24 hours and 24 hours after operation （t=6.642， 15.264， 14.631， P<0.05）. The effective rate in the observation group was 97.9%， and the control group was 89.5%. The difference was statistically significant （χ2=5.216， P<0.05）. Finally， the adverse reaction rate of 10.2% in the observation group was significantly lower than the control group by 22.9%. The difference was statistically significant（χ2=3.570， P<0.05）. Conclusion For pregnant women with a tendency of major postpartum hemorrhage， carboprost tromethamine injection can be used for treatment based on oxytocin， which can effectively reduce the amount of postpartum hemorrhage and reduce complications. It is safe and effective and worthy of clinical promotion application.

[Key words] Carboprost tromethamine injection; Misoprostol; Postpartum hemorrhage

產后出血属于临床上常见的一种产科并发症，具体指的是胎儿娩出后24 h内产妇失血量>500 mL[1]。主要为子宫收缩乏力、胎盘因素、软产道裂伤[2]等因素所导致，其中以子宫收缩乏力最为常见，根据资料[3]显示宫缩乏力出血占据比例为2/3，能够在短时间内导致产妇大量出血，引发严重并发症，是导致产妇死亡的主要原因。基于此，在产科临床中对产后出血采取有效方法预防，对产妇及其胎儿都有着重要意义。卡前列素氨丁三醇注射液与米索前列醇均是治疗产后出血的药物，该次研究将纳入该院2018年5月—2019年7月收治的孕产妇97例患者，对上述两种药物的临床疗效进行对比，现报道如下。

1  资料与方法

1.1  一般资料

便利选取该院收治的具有产后出血高危因素的孕产妇97例，根据入院时间将其分为观察组（49例）与对照组（48例）。其中观察组年龄均在22～34岁之间;孕周为38～40周;初产妇29例，经产妇20例;剖宫产24例，自然分娩25例;新生儿体重（3.16±1.23）kg。对……