杨幼欢 郭玲玲

[摘要] 目的 探討气垫尿便盆在糖尿病卧床患者中的应用效果。 方法 选择2019年1～6月糖尿病卧床患者60例为研究对象，随机分为观察组与对照组各30例。对照组采用普通便盆，观察组采用气垫尿便盆。比较两组入院时与出院时肛周皮肤反应情况、Braden评分、IAD严重程度评分以及舒适度评分。 结果 （1）出院时观察组肛周皮肤反应情况较入院时显著改善，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;出院时，观察组肛周皮肤反应情况显著优于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。（2）出院时观察组Braden评分显著高于入院时，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;出院时，观察组Braden评分显著高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。（3）出院时两组IAD严重程度评分均较入院时显著下降，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;出院时观察组IAD严重程度评分低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。（4）观察组对便盆应用舒适度评分6～10分，平均（8.3±1.0）分;对照组对便盆应用舒适度评分3～7分，平均（4.8±1.1）分，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 气垫尿便盆用于糖尿病卧床患者大小便管理，应用方便，舒适度高，还可有效预防褥疮、皮炎等情况。

[关键词] 气垫尿便盆;糖尿病;卧床;褥疮;皮炎

[中图分类号] R473.5          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2020）16-0162-04

Application of air-cushion type bedpan in bedridden patients with diabetes

YANG Youhuan   GUO Lingling

Department of Endocrinology， Zhuji People's Hospital in Zhejiang Province， Zhuji   311800， China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the application effect of air-cushion type bedpan in bedridden patients with diabetes. Methods Sixty bedridden patients with diabetes from January to June 2019 were selected as the research subjects， and they were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group， with 30 cases in each group. The control group used an ordinary bedpan， and the observation group used an air-cushion type bedpan. The perianal skin reaction， Braden score， incontinence-associated dermatitis instrument （IADS） severity score， and comfort score were compared between the two groups at admission and discharge. Results （1） The perianal skin reaction in the observation group at discharge was significantly improved compared with that at admission， and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. The perianal skin reaction at discharge in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group， and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. （2） The Braden score of the observation group at discharge was significantly higher than that at admission， and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. The Braden score of the observation group at discharge was significantly higher than that of the control group， and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. （3） The IAD severity scores of the two groups at discharge were significantly lower than those at admission， and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. The IAD severity score of the observation group at discharge was lower than that of the control group， and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. （4） The comfort score of bedpan in the observation group was 6-10 points， with an average of（8.3±1.0） points. While in the control group was 3-7 points， with an average of（4.8±1.1） points， and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion The application of air-cushion type bedpan for urination management of bedridden patients with diabetes is convenient to use， which can improve the comfort and effectively prevent bedsores and dermatitis.

[Key words] Air-cushion type bedpan; Diabetes; Bedridden; Bedsores; Dermatitis

糖尿病是一组因胰岛素绝对或相对分泌不足，胰岛素利用障碍引起的碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪代谢紊乱性疾病。在全球范围内，糖尿病的患病率均呈急剧攀升的趋势，我国糖尿病患病率也呈快速增长趋势。糖尿病除了多饮、多尿、多食和体重下降，长期高血糖可引起多系统损害，导致眼、肾、神经、心脏、血管等组织器官慢性进行性病变、功能减退、衰竭，病情严重或可引起急性严重代谢紊乱。糖尿病是导致心脑血管疾病、死亡、截肢、失明、肾功能衰竭、心理衰竭的重要原因。长期卧床患者的护理一直是临床护理难点，尤其是预防压疮、皮损、失禁性皮炎等，预防难，治疗难，尤其是对于糖尿病长期卧床患者，大小便管理一直是困扰护理的重要难题，一旦发生压疮、皮肤破损，难以愈合，并且容易引发感染[1，2]。气垫尿便盆是一种组合型气垫尿便盆，可解决卧床患者大小便管理问题，其优势是可提高患者舒适度，操作方便，可有效预防压疮等。……