施肥量和播种量对韭菜产量的影响
2020-08-04张桂海王明耀王学颖
张桂海 王明耀 王学颖



摘要 为了寻求韭菜的合理播种量与最佳施肥量,以廊韭9号为试材,开展了播种量与施肥量的组合试验。结果表明,播种量对头茬韭菜的产量影响明显、对二茬韭菜的产量影响不明显,综合考虑得出韭菜适宜播种量为35.56~44.89 kg/hm2;施肥量对头茬韭菜的产量影响不明显、对二茬韭菜的产量影响明显,但是本试验中韭菜产量随施肥量的增加呈递增趋势,最大施肥量仍未达到韭菜所需的最高肥量要求,韭菜最佳施肥量有待进一步研究。
关键词 韭菜;播种量;施肥量;产量
中圖分类号 S633.3 文献标识码 A
文章编号 1007-5739(2020)13-0054-01 开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID)
Abstract In order to find out the reasonable sowing amount and the best fertilizer amount of leek, the combination test of sowing amount and fertilizer amount was carried out with Langjiu No. 9 as the test material. The results showed that the sowing amount had an obvious effect on the yield of first leek, but had no obvious effect on the yield of second leek, and the suitable sowing amount of leek in open field was 35.56-44.89 kg/hm2. The effect of fertilizer amount on the yield of the first leek was not obvious, the effect on the yield of the second leek was obvious, but the yield of leek in this experiment showed an increasing trend with the increase of fertilizer amount, and the maximum fertilizer amount still had not reached the highest requirement of leek, the optimum fertilizer amount of leek remains to be further studied.
Key words leek; sowing amount; fertilization amount; yield
韭菜为百合科葱属多年生宿根植物,原产于中国,种植历史悠久,风味独特,具有特别的香辛味,深受人们喜爱[1]。韭菜是中国传统蔬菜之一,含有蛋白质、脂肪、维生素、矿物质及硫化物等,具有增进食欲、预防癌症、增强肝脏的解毒能力等作用[2-3]。本研究以廊韭9号为试材,研究播种量和施肥量对韭菜产量及质量的影响,以期确定韭菜栽培最适宜的播种量与施肥量,为今后韭菜栽培生产提供参考。
1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
供试韭菜品种为廊韭9号,由廊坊市农林科学院蔬菜研究所育成。韭菜需要肥料的比例为纯N∶P2O5∶K2O=1.00∶0.29∶1.06,肥料利用率为纯N 32%、P2O5 20%、K2O 30%,实际追肥应用中100 kg韭菜需纯N 0.531 kg、P2O5 0.250 kg、K2O 0.600 kg。供试肥料为磷酸二铵(含P2O5 50%)、尿素(含纯N 46%)和硫酸钾(含K2O 50%)。
1.2 试验方法
试验于2019年4—11月在廊坊市潘场村东的廊坊市农林科学院试验地进行。试验地土壤为低肥力土壤。……
