基于流量分析的城市快速路交通拥堵研究
2020-06-21马有苗李邦兰
马有苗 李邦兰



摘 要:随着城镇化率和机动化水平的提高,以交通拥堵为代表的“城市病”逐渐蔓延,人们需要逐步建设以快速路为主动脉的完善的城市交通网络。目前,城市快速路的交通管理大多采取被动式、后动式模式,因此有必要对城市快速路的运行状况进行预测预警,建立主动式、先遣式的新型交通管理模式,这对提升城市快速路的运行状况乃至整个路网的运行效率具有重要意义。本文首先论述了城市快速路的特点,然后通过城市快速路交通流量分析,研究造成城市快速路拥堵的原因并提出对策。
关键词:城市快速路;交通拥堵;原因;流量分析
Abstract: With the increase in urbanization rate and motorization level, the "urban disease" represented by traffic congestion is gradually spreading, and people need to gradually build a perfect urban transportation network with expressways as the main artery. At present, the traffic management of urban expressways mostly adopts passive and post-movement models, therefore, it is necessary to predict and warn the operation status of urban expressways, and establish a proactive and advanced new traffic management model, which is of great significance for improving the operation status of urban expressways and even the efficiency of the entire road network. This paper first discussed the characteristics of urban expressways, and then through the analysis of urban expressway traffic flow, studied the causes of urban expressway congestion and proposed countermeasures.
Keywords: urban expressway;traffic congestion;cause;flow analysis
交通网络是社会经济发展的基础条件,是社会经济正常运转的重要保障。近年来,随着社会经济的快速发展,城镇化进程不断加快,人口分布格局发生改变,城市规模不断扩大,出行需求和出行半径不断增加,致使交通拥堵,尤其是大中城市的交通拥堵时有发生。据统计,2019年底,中国城镇化率为60.6%,比上年末提高1.02个百分点。按照人口转移量计,平均每年约有2千万左右的农业人口转移量进入城镇,城镇化水平持續增长。截至2019年底,全国机动车保有量达3.48亿辆,其中汽车保有量为2.6亿辆,机动车驾驶人达4.35亿,私家车(私人小微型载客汽车)保有量达2.07亿辆,首次突破2亿辆,民众出行的机动化水平显著提升。
不断攀升的城镇化率和机动化率将加剧城市交通供给和需求矛盾,城市交通拥堵问题不断凸显,进而带来一系列社会问题。……
