葛鑫茹 侯鑫棋 龚世林 李谨 龚彦

摘 要：为了使涡轮流量传感器能保证在气体、黏性介质和小流量等流体条件下有更精确的测量性能，目前科技工作者对涡轮流量计结构的优化与改进做了大量的研究工作，但主要研究集中于传感器叶轮、轴承、非磁电信号检出器等部件的改进与优化方面。由于涡轮流量计内部几何参数较多，各参数对流量计精度影响的机理也各不相同，并且各参数之间存在一定的交互作用，所以本文从各参数的交互作用出发，对涡轮流量计结构参数进行了优化设计，研究各参数对其性能的影响，并利用CFD（计算流体动力学）进行仿真，探究各参数的作用机理，得到一组最优组合。仿真结果表明，仪表系数线性度误差由原来的5.23%降低到4.69%，流量计测量精度显著提高。

关键词：涡轮流量计;优化设计;响应面优化实验

Abstract： In order to ensure more accurate measurement performance of turbine flow sensor under the conditions of gas， viscous medium and small flow， scientists and technicians have done a lot of research on the optimization and improvement of the structure of turbine flow meter. However， the main research focuses on the improvement and optimization of sensor impeller， bearing， non-magnetoelectric signal detector and other components. Because there are many geometric parameters in the turbine flowmeter， the influence mechanism of each parameter on the accuracy of the flowmeter is also different， and there is a certain interaction between each parameter. Therefore， based on the interaction of various parameters， this paper optimized the structural parameters of turbine flowmeter and studies the influence of each parameter on the performance. CFD （computational fluid dynamics） was used for simulation to explore the action mechanism of each parameter， and an optimal combination was obtained. The simulation results show that the linearity error of the meter coefficient is reduced from 5.23% to 4.69%， and the measuring accuracy of the flowmeter is significantly improved.

Keywords： turbine;optimization and design;response surface optimization experiment

涡轮流量计是一种广泛应用于工业生产的流量计量仪表。当被测流体流过涡轮流量计内部的叶轮时，流体冲击叶轮，叶轮发生旋转。流量不同时，流体通过同一截面的流速就不同，对叶轮的冲击力也不同，造成叶轮的转速也不同。通过标定，用测量叶轮转速的方法来测量流体介质的流量。这种流量测量方式具有精度高、重复性好、量程范围宽、输出脉冲信号抗干扰性强的优势，在航空航天燃料计量、天然气计量、油品精确计量和贸易结算、工业生产过程监控等领域广泛采用[1]，但在计量黏度较高的流体时，其线性度降低，结果误差较大。……