齐晓明

摘 要：随着全球运输业进入综合物流时代，港口在经济发展中的作用和地位发生了深刻的变化，港口作为全球综合物流运输网络的主要环节，其功能已经由传统的物流搬运向综合性物流装卸发展。中国拥有1.8万km海岸线和11万km内河航道，其承担着9%的国内贸易运输和85%以上的外贸货物装卸、运输。随着“一带一路”倡议的推进和水铁多式联运的发展，港口码头的装卸要求将被大大提升。起重机作为港口设备的一种，越来越多地承担着重要的装卸角色。起重设备的安全、可靠地运行是港口作业效率的重要保障，因此设备的维护、保养变得越来越重要与频繁。如何保证维修、保养人员的安全是每个港口管理者必须考虑和实施的事情，更是设计、制造厂家必须解决的课题。本文将重点介绍一种新型的安全辅助装置在门座式起重机中的应用。

关键词：起重机;新型;安全辅助;装置

Abstract： With the global transportation industry entering the era of integrated logistics， the role and status of ports in economic development have changed profoundly， ports are the main links of the global integrated logistics transportation network， its function has developed from traditional logistics handling to comprehensive logistics loading and unloading. China has a coastline of 18 000 km and an inland waterway of 110 000 km， which undertake 9% of domestic trade transportation and more than 85% of foreign trade cargo handling and transportation. With the advancement of the "Belt and Road" initiative and the development of water-rail intermodal transportation， the loading and unloading requirements of port terminals will be greatly improved. As a kind of port equipment， cranes are increasingly taking on important loading and unloading roles. The safe and reliable operation of lifting equipment is an important guarantee for the efficiency of port operations. Therefore， the maintenance and repair of equipment become more and more important and frequent. How to ensure the safety of repair and maintenance personnel is something that each port manager must consider and implement， and it is also a subject that design and manufacturer must solve. This paper focused on the application of a new type of safety auxiliary device in the portal crane.

Keywords： crane;new type;safety assistance;device

本设计是一种新型安全辅助装置，在单臂架门座起重机臂架或四连杆门座机臂架、大拉杆、象鼻梁的安全护栏上增加一套可以悬挂的安全带[1-2]，以保障维修、保养人员在高空作业时的生命安全，如图1至图7所示。

1 结构组成

本装置由固定钢管、十字止脱销、连杆和安全环组成，如图8所示。固定钢管采用焊接形式，固定在臂架、大拉杆、象鼻梁安全护栏右侧位置，距护栏底部中心的高度为800 mm;十字止脱销一头与钢管连接，防止从钢管内部脱出，一头与连杆焊接;连杆与安全环焊接成一体;安全环的作用是悬挂安全带挂钩[3]。……