夏邑一次短时强降水天气过程分析
2020-06-21张艳玲朱蒙
张艳玲 朱蒙


摘 要:利用常规气象资料、雷达和自动站等探测资料,本文对2018年7月9日至10日商丘市夏邑县出现的局地暴雨大暴雨并伴有短时强降水天气进行分析。结果表明,本次大暴雨过程的主要影响系统是高空槽、切变线、地面倒槽;冷空气的扩散触发了地面暖倒槽中不稳定能量的释放;辐合主要出现在低层,而且辐合不强,这是商丘没有出现区域性暴雨的原因之一;假相当位温和k指数均较大;低空辐合、高空辐散有利于强降水的产生。
关键词:局地;短时强降水;高空槽;切变线;地面倒槽
Abstract: By using conventional meteorological data, radar and automatic stations and other detection data, this paper analyzed the local rainstorm and downpour with short-term heavy precipitation that occurred in Xiayi County, Shangqiu City from July 9 to 10, 2018. The results show that the main influence system of this heavy rain process is the high-altitude trough, shear line and ground trough; the diffusion of cold air triggers the release of unstable energy in the ground warm trough; convergence mainly occurs in the lower layer, and the convergence is not strong, which is one of the reasons why there is no regional rainstorm in Shangqiu; the false equivalents have relatively large moderate indices; low-level convergence and high-level divergence are conducive to the production of heavy precipitation.
Keywords: local area;short-term heavy precipitation;high-altitude trough;shear line;ground trough
短时强降水是指雨强大于等于20 mm/h的降水,商丘的短时强降水主要出现在每年的7、8月份,一般伴有暴雨过程。王国荣等[1]分析了北京夏季短时强降水。吴滨等[2]分析了福建省的短时强降水特征。笔者应用常规观测资料和新一代天气雷达产品,对2018年7月9日至10日发生在商丘市夏邑县的局地暴雨大暴雨并伴有短时强降水过程进行了天气影响系统、水汽条件、动力条件、热力条件等综合分析,为以后此类暴雨短时强降水天气预报提供一些参考。
1 暴雨过程简述
2018年7月9日至10日,商丘市出现局地暴雨大暴雨,并伴有雷电、短时强降水等强对流天气,降水集中在商丘市东南部的夏邑县。本次降水过程的特点是降水时间集中,局地性强,降水主要集中在两个时段:7月9日08:00—12:00和10日07:00—12:00,有两个站出现了短时强降水,均出现在9日上午,分别是09:00—10:00会亭28.3 mm和10:00—11:00岐河41.0 mm。
2 天气形势分析
2.1 高空形势分析……p>
