周美艳

【摘要】 异位妊娠是妇科较为多见的一种严重疾病，该病的发病率在近年來呈逐渐上升趋势。该病种类主要有输卵管、卵巢与宫颈妊娠等，其中输卵管妊娠在临床最为多见。临床当前对异位妊娠的诊断方式较多，如hCG测定、孕酮测定、超声等，其中彩超是临床最常见的一种诊断方式，是异位妊娠患者的首选检查方式。其中腹部与经阴道彩超是超声诊断的两种方式。大量研究报道证实，经阴道彩超诊断异位妊娠因其具有较高灵敏度、准确率与特异性，以及存在较低误诊率而明显优于经腹部彩超的诊断。笔者本次就异位妊娠患者应用经阴道彩超的临床诊断价值进行相关研究，目的在于为早期诊断该病提供一定参考。

【关键词】 异位妊娠 阴道超声 腹部超声

[Abstract] Ectopic pregnancy is one of the most common serious disease in gynecology. The incidence of the disease is increasing in recent years. The main types of this disease are tubal， ovarian and cervical pregnancy， among which tubal pregnancy is the most common in clinic. Currently， there are many clinical diagnostic methods for ectopic pregnancy， such as hCG assay， progesterone assay， ultrasonography， etc.， among which color doppler ultrasonography is the most common clinical diagnostic method， is the preferred examination method for ectopic pregnancy patients. Transabdominal and transvaginal color ultrasonography are two methods of ultrasonic diagnosis. A large number of studies have confirmed that the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy by transvaginal color ultrasonography is significantly better than that of transabdominal color ultrasonography because of its high sensitivity， accuracy and specificity， as well as low misdiagnosis rate. The author study on the clinical diagnostic value of transvaginal color ultrasonography in patients with ectopic pregnancy in order to provide some references for early diagnosis of the disease.

异位妊娠是指受精卵未在子宫内着床发育，是妇科临床比较常见的一种急腹症状，其中以输卵管妊娠最为常见，临床上又将其称之为宫外孕[1-4]。该病具有进展快、起病急等诸多特点，同时也是造成孕产妇死亡的主要因素[5]。经临床大量资料显示，我国妊娠妇女中发生异位妊娠的约占妊娠总数的1%～5%，且现阶段发病率呈逐年递增与趋年轻化态势[6]。该疾病作为妇产科急腹症之一，发病率逐年上升，对广大女性生命安全构成了严重威胁[7]。诊断异位妊娠的主要方式包括患者病史、临床病症特征、实验室检查与彩超判定等，其中彩超由于具有较高的准确性、灵敏性与特异性的优势而在临床深受欢迎。……