高婷 田硕 白明

摘要 目的：分析《理瀹骈文》中妇科用药的配伍规律，为指导临床用药及新方研发提供参考。方法：以《理瀹骈文》中收录的治疗妇科的方为数据来源，使用Excel 2013、SPSS Clementine 12.0统计软件，对《理瀹骈文》方中妇科用药配伍规律进行统计学处理和关联规则分析。结果：《理瀹骈文》收录治疗妇科疾病的方135首。在纳入标准的全部方中，累计出现频数最高的前五味中药分别是当归、姜、熟地黄、川芎、甘草。藥味甘、辛最为常见，药性主要集中在温、平。归经中脾经、肝经、心经最为常见。对《理瀹骈文》中治疗妇科疾病的方中中药进行关联规则分析，发现关联强度最高的药对组合为24组。结论：通过对《理瀹骈文》中治疗妇科疾病的方进行分析，统计治疗妇科疾病中药的配伍规律，发现治疗妇科疾病多以甘辛药当归为主，吴师机常与甘温药熟地黄、辛温药川芎、甘平药党参等组合使用，并随证配伍活血化瘀。数理统计法是中医用药规律分析的重要工具，为指导临床用药提供现代化研究方法。

关键词 理瀹骈文;妇科;外治;中药;用药规律;关联规则;分析;思考

Abstract Objective：This paper analyzed the compatibility rule of gynecological medication in Rhymed Discourse on External Remedie，and provided reference for guiding clinical medication and research and development of new prescription.Methods：With the prescriptions for gynecological treatment included in Rhymed Discourse on External Remedie as the data source，and Excel 2013 and SPSS Clementine 12.0 statistical software was used as the tools，the compatibility law of gynecological medication in Rhymed Discourse on External Remedie was statistically processed and the association rules were analyzed.Results：Rhymed Discourse on External Remedie included 135 prescriptions for treating gynecological diseases.Among all prescriptions included in the inclusion criteria，the top 5 Chinese medicine with the highest accumulative frequency were Angelicae sinensis radix，Zingiberis rhizoma recens，Rehmanniae radix praeparate，Chuanxiong rhizoma and Glycyrrhizae radix et rhizoma.Sweet and pungent drugs were the most common and their properties were mainly concentrated in mild and smooth.Channel tropism were most common in spleen meridians，hepatic meridians and heart meridians.By analyzing the association rules of prescriptions of Chinese medicine for gynecological diseases in Rhymed Discourse on External Remedie，it was found the drugs pairs with the highest correlation was 24.Conclusion：By analyzing the prescriptions for treating gynecological diseases in Rhymed Discourse on External Remedie，compatibility rule of traditional Chinese medicine for treating gynecological diseases was counted.It was found that Angelicae sinensis radix，sweet and pungent drugs are mainly for the treatment of gynecological diseases.WU Shiji often used the combination of Rehmanniae radix praeparate，the sweet and mild drugs，Chuanxiong rhizoma，the pungent and sweet drugs，and Radix Codonopsis，the mild and sweet drugs，which can be matched according to the syndromes and can activate blood and remove blood stasis.Mathematical statistics is an important tool for the analysis of traditional Chinese medicine laws，and it provides a modern research direction for guiding clinical medicine.

Keywords Rhymed Discourse on External Remedie; Department of gynaecology;External treatment; Chinese medicine;Law of drug use; Association rules; Analysis; Thinking

清·吴尚先的《理瀹骈文》被尊为“外治之宗”。吴氏重视外治之法，主张“外治之理即内治之理，外治之药即内治之药”[1]。“通”是吴师机外治思想的精髓[2]，人体脏腑在内，毛窍在外，全身经络系统使之相互联系，药性通过肌肤、孔窍深入腠理，由经络入脏腑，进而发挥治疗作用，故曰“皮肤隔而毛窍通，不见脏腑恰直达脏腑”[3-4]。关于外用机制……