姜彦翠 崔健 刘献礼 仇焱

摘 要：淬硬钢模具由于硬度高、型面复杂多变，铣削加工过程易产生颤振，颤振会影响工件表面质量制约铣削效率，因此对淬硬钢模具铣削加工过程进行动力学分析和稳定性预测已经变得越来越重要了。淬硬钢模具铣削稳定性主要和加工系统动态特性与动态铣削过程两方面有关，因此，对淬硬钢模具加工系统动力学特性、动态铣削过程动力学建模和铣削稳定性分析3个方面的研究进行归纳和总结。在淬硬钢模具加工系统动力学特性研究方面，主要对锤击模态试验、导纳耦合子结构分析法以及解析法的基本原理、实际应用和局限性进行阐述;在动态铣削过程动力学建模方面，主要对淬硬钢模具复杂曲面动态切削厚度建模和刀具-工件表面接触区域提取方法进行综述;在铣削稳定性分析方面，主要对几种典型颤振稳定域预测方法的实际应用进行了总结。同时指出淬硬钢模具复杂曲面铣削动力学建模与稳定性研究方面存在的不足。

关键词：淬硬钢模具、铣削动力学、铣削稳定性、复杂曲面

DOI：10.15938/j.jhust.2020.01.005

中图分类号： TG506;TH113

文献标志码： A

文章编号： 1007-2683（2020）01-0029-07

Abstract：Because of the characteristics of hardened steel mold with high hardness and surface characteristics of the complex， the hardened steel mold in the milling process is easy to produce flutter. The flutter will affect the workpiece surface quality and restrict milling efficiency， therefore， the dynamic analysis and stability prediction of hardened steel mould in the milling process have become more and more important.The hardened steel mould milling stability is mainly related to dynamic characteristics of the processing system and dynamic milling process， therefore， the article summarized the research on three aspects of hardened steel mold ，the dynamic characteristics of the machining system， the dynamic milling process dynamics modeling and the milling stability analysis. In the aspect of dynamic characteristics of hardened steel mold machining system， hammer mode test， admittance coupling substructure analysis method and the basic principles， practical applications and limitations of analytical method are mainly described. In the aspect of the dynamic milling process dynamics modeling， the dynamic cutting thickness modeling of complex surface of hardened steel mold and the extraction method of tool-workpiece surface contact area are mainly reviewed. In the aspect of milling stability analysis， the practical application of several typical chatter stable domain prediction methods is summarized. At the same time， the article points out the existing problems of milling dynamics modeling and stability study of the complex surface of hardened steel mold.

Keywords：hardened steel mold; milling dynamics; milling stability; sculptured surface

0 引 言

淬硬鋼模具在汽车、家电、轻工等产品的生产过程中都有广泛的应用。淬硬钢模具具有工件材料硬度高、型面复杂多变，且表面加工质量和加工精度要求高等特点。目前主要采用铣削的加工方式，相对于其它切削加工形式，铣削加工具有切削力小、切削温度低、加工变形小、加工能力强、材料去除率高等诸多优点，适用于平面、斜面、型腔及曲面的加工，因而被广泛应用于金属材料零件的制造中。……