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新任领导者的消极体验反思与学习行为:基于内容分析的实证研究

2020-05-08孔祥年

上海管理科学 2020年2期

孔祥年

摘 要: 检验了个体反思在新任领导者学习过程中扮演的角色。构建以角色认同为中介、以培训时间为调节的结构方程模型,同时控制了个体主动行为作为学习的另一种渠道。根据内容分析的方法,对3322份文本材料进行计算机自动编码。研究结果表明:内外部消极体验对个体反思、个体主动性的影响方向相反,并且强度随着培训时间的增加而加强;个体反思、个体主动性与角色认同成正相关关系;角色认同对个体反思与学习行为的关系起部分中介作用;内部消极体验通过反思与角色认同正向影响学习行为。研究结果阐述了不同性质的工作经验对个体学习影响的差异,强调了个体反思对学习行为的影响,识别了角色认同在新任领导者学习中的作用。

关键词: 消极体验;个体反思;角色认同;学习行为

中图分类号: F 272.9

文献标志码:A

An Empirical Research on the Relationship Between New Leaders Reflection upon Negative Experience and Active Learning Behavior

KONG Xiangnian

(Antai College of Economics & Management, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China)

Abstract: The research examines the role of individual reflection in new leaders learning process. We construct the structural equation model with the role identity as the mediator and the training time as the moderator ,and treat individual initiative as another source of gathering information. The research collects data from 3322 text materials by taking advantage of computer automatic coding. The results show that the internal and external negative experience has the opposite effect on individual reflection, and that the influence intensity increases with the increase of training time. Role identity plays a partial mediate role between individual reflection and learning behavior. Internal negative experience exerts positive effect on learning behavior via reflection and identity. The results of the study illustrate the impact of different characteristics of field experience on individual learning processes, emphasize the role of individual reflection in learning experience.

Key words: negative experience; individual reflection; role identity; learning behavior

經济与技术的发展在给企业带来变革机会的同时,对企业领导者提出了新的技能需求。在职工作经验相对于正式培训项目,是领导者开发个人技能、获取领导力提升最重要的来源(Seibert等,2017)。

挑战性经历会促进领导者弥补知识储备中缺少的适用于新情景的信息(曹春辉等,2012)。领导者的经历是判断他对未来角色的准备情况的重要因素。Ashford和DeRuhe(2012)认为反思是实践的集合,可以帮助领导者关注他们的能力发展与任务的完成,并从经历中学到更多。已有研究回答了反思是从经验中学习知识的渠道,本研究提出第一个问题,不同性质的工作经验与反思的关系是否存在差异,新任领导者的学习过程是否存在不同。……

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