刘宁娟 周颉天 周子滢 贾可 刘玮

摘 要：为研究预拉伸对碳纳米管（CNT）薄膜力学、电学及应变传感性能的影响，对CNT薄膜进行5%、10%、15%不同程度的预拉伸处理，制备CNT薄膜与聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）的复合膜CNT/PDMS。考察CNT原膜的外观特征及力学、电学性能，不同程度预拉伸处理的CNT薄膜力学、电学性能，CNT/PDMS复合薄膜的传感性能。结果表明：沿CNT薄膜纵向进行预拉伸处理后，较CNT原膜，预拉伸15%的薄膜综合性能最优，断裂强度约79.95 MPa;电导率约1 128.58 S/cm，增加了227.82%;传感系数1.4，提高了133%;10%CNT/PDMS复合薄膜传感系数3，较预拉伸15%的CNT薄膜又提高114%。

关键词：碳纳米管薄膜;复合膜;预拉伸;力学性能;电学性能;传感性能

Abstract：To research the effects of pre-stretching on the mechanical， electrical and strain sensing properties of carbon nanotube （CNT） films， the CNT films were pre-stretched to different degrees （5%， 10% and 15%） respectively to prepare the composite film CNT/PDMS of CNT film and polydimethylsiloxane （PDMS）. The appearance features， mechanical and electrical properties of original CNT film were investigated. Besides， mechanical and electrical properties of pre-stretched CNT films were explored. As well， the sensing properties of CNT/PDMS composite film were studied. The results showed that compared with original CNT films， after lengthways pre-stretching， 15% pre-stretched CNT films had the best comprehensive properties， with the breaking strength of about 79.95 MPa. The conductivity was about 1 128.58S/cm， up 227.85%. The sensing coefficient was 1.4， up 133%. The sensing coefficient of 10% CNT/PDMS composite film was 3， up 114%， compared with 15% pre-stretched CNT film.

Key words：carbon nanotube film; composite film; pre-stretching; mechanical properties; electrical properties; sensing property

传感器是一种感受被测量物信息变化的检测装置，将感受的信息按一定规律变换成计算机技术能识别的电信号或其他形式的信息输出[1]。应变传感器是测量物体受力变形产生应变的一类传感器。柔性应变传感器可贴合在人体皮肤表面，监测人体生物信息及生理活动，在仿生机器人、生物医学监测等领域具有广阔的应用前景[2-6]。

碳纳米管（CNT）具有优异的力学、电学性能，且结构稳定、韧性强，在柔性应变传感器的研究中已经“大显身手”[7-11]。例如，聂鹏等[12]将多壁CNT分散后通过真空吸滤制备CNT薄膜，测试其应变传感性能，结果表明CNT薄膜本身是一种灵敏度较高且具有应变传感可逆可重复性的传感器;张衍等[13]通过建立模型推导出CNT薄膜在应力作用下影响其整体电阻变化的主要因素是碳纳米管的体积分数。Lee等[14]证明CNT薄膜中碳管的网络形态能够影响其应变传感性能，在同种网络密度下，电阻对CNT有效长度较为敏感。……