刘权娣 陈彩凤 李建平 莫妍妍

[摘要]目的 探討快速康复外科（FTS）护理在输尿管软镜术中的应用效果。方法 选取2017年3月～2018年8月我院行输尿管软镜术的118例患者，按照随机抽签法分为实验组和对照组，每组各58例。实验组采用FTS科护理，对照组采用传统外科护理，对两组的并发症、留置尿管时间、住院时间、住院费用、视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分、心理状态[包括焦虑自评量表（SAS）及抑郁自评量表（SDS）评分]及满意度进行比较。结果 实验组的留置尿管时间为（27.64±8.16）h，术后住院时间为（2.32±0.47）d，短于对照组[（78.48±13.92）h、（4.21±0.91）d]，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;实验组住院费用为（1.25±0.32）万元，低于对照组[（1.43±0.44）万元]，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;实验组VAS评分为（2.54±1.22）分，低于对照组[（4.48±1.69）分]，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;实验组住院总满意度为（98.95±4.27）%，高于对照组[（93.03±8.21）%]，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;两组护理前SAS、SDS评分比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;两组护理后的SAS、SDS评分低于本组护理前，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;实验组护理后SAS评分为（37.05±1.05）分，SDS评分为（37.25±1.05）分，低于对照组[（47.85±1.15）分、（48.65±1.15）分]，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;实验组的并发症发生率为8.62%，低于对照组（22.41%），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;实验组临床护理总满意度为96.55%，高于对照组（77.59%），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 FTS护理模式应用于输尿管软镜术能减少并发症、促进患者快速康复、减轻患者疼痛、提高患者满意度，是一项值得推广的护理技术。

[关键词]快速康复外科;输尿管软镜术;围术期护理;疼痛;提高患者满意度

[中图分类号] R473.6          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1674-4721（2020）3（a）-0201-04

Application effect of rapid rehabilitation surgical nursing in ureteral soft mirror surgery

LIU Quan-di   CHEN Cai-feng   LI Jian-ping   MO Yan-yan▲

Department of Urology， Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University， Guangdong Province， Zhanjiang   510000， China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the application effect of rapid rehabilitation surgery （FTS） nursing in soft ureter surgery. Methods A total of 118 patients for soft ureter surgery admitted to our hospital from March 2017 to August 2018 were selected and divided into experimental group （n=58） and control group （n=58） by random drawing. The experimental group was treated with FTS nursing， while the control group was treated with traditional surgical nursing. The complications， the days of indwelling catheter， the cost of hospitalization， visual analogue scale （VAS）， the psychological state of （including self-rating anxiety scale [SAS] score and self-rating depression scale [SDS] score） and satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results The indwelling time of catheter in the experimental group was （27.64 ±8.16） h， and the postoperative hospital stay was （2.32±0.47） d， which were shorter than those in the control group （[78.48±13.92] h， （4.21±0.91） d， and the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. The VAS score of the experimental group was （2.54±1.22） points， which was lower than that of the control group （4.48±1.69） points， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The hospital satisfaction of the experimental group was （98.95±4.27）%， which was higher than the control group （93.03±8.21）%， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in SAS and SDS score between the two groups before nursing （P>0.05）. The SAS and SDS score of the two groups after nursing were lower than those before nursing， and there was significant difference between the two groups （P<0.05）. The scores of SAS and SDS in the experimental group were （37.05±1.05） and （37.25±1.05） points， respectively， which were significantly lower than those in the control group of （47.85±1.15） points and （48.65±1.15） points， the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. The incidence of complications in the experimental group was 8.62%， which was lower than that in the control group （22.41%）， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The total satisfaction of clinical nursing in the experimental group was 96.55%， which was higher than that in the control group （77.59%）， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion FTS nursing model can reduce the complications， promote the rapid recovery of the patients， reduce the pain， improve the satisfaction of the patients and benefit the patients. It is a nursing technique worth popularizing in order to reduce the complications， promote the rapid recovery of the patients， reduce the pain of the patients， improve the satisfaction of the patients， and benefit the patients.

[Key words] Rapid rehabilitation surgery; Soft ureter surgery; Perioperative nursing; Pain; Improving patient satisfaction

快速康复外科（FTS）是指围术期采用各种已被证实有效的医疗和护理新技术，以达到减少手术导致的应激反应和并发症，减轻患者痛苦，缩短住院时间，促进患者早日康复的目的[1]。近年来，由于FTS在许多手术中的应用取得了良好的效果，引起了医护人员的重视，并获得了飞速发展。输尿管软镜术是治疗直径≤2 cm的肾和输尿管上段结石的一种理想微创术式[2-3]，但由于医院的经验不足，仍按照传统术式进行围术期护理，导致患者术后恢复慢、住院时间长。本研究将FTS与传统护理应用输尿管软镜术患者，探讨FTS护理在输尿管软镜术的应用效果，现报道如下。

1资料与方法

1.1一般资料

选取2017年3月～2018年8月我院采用输尿管软镜术治疗肾或输尿管上段结石116例患者，按随机抽签法分为实验组和对照组，每组各58例。……