刘一恒 李文武

摘要：为满足快速出警的要求，研究派出所如何进行最优选址的问题。结合人口、距离2个参数引入“警民有效距离”的新概念，以警民有效距离最短和建设数量最少的派出所为目标函数，建立快速出警的多目标派出所最优选址模型，利用floyd算法构建居民区之间的最短邻接距离矩阵，并借助lingo软件求出某县城派出所选址算例的最优规划方案，验证了所建模型的有效性和可行性。

关键词：派出所选址;快速出警;最小成本;警民有效距离

中图分类号：D631.41文献标志码：A

文章编号：2095-5383（2020）04-0058-05

Study On Optimal Location Model of Police Station for Rapid Police Dispatch

LIU Yiheng，LI Wenwu

（School of Electrical and New Energy， Three Gorges University， Yichang 443002， China）

Abstract：In order to meet the requirement of dispatching police quickly， the problem of how to optimize the location of the police station was studied in this paper. Combining the two parameters of population and distance to introduce a new concept of “effective distance between police and civilians”， and taking the shortest “effective distance between police and civilians” and the minimum “number of construction” as objective functions， a multi-objective optimal location model of police station for rapid police dispatch was established.The floyd algorithm was used to construct the shortest adjacency distance matrix between residential areas， and the lingo software was used to find the optimal planning scheme for the site selection case of a county police station， which verifies the validity and feasibility of the built model.

Keywords：

the location of the police station; rapid police dispatch ;minimum cost; effective distance between police and civilians

随着我国城市化进程的加快，城市治安建设规划问题凸显。开展城市治安建设规划研究，尤其是对作为治安管理核心机构的派出所的选址研究具有重要现实意义。针对派出所选址问题，目前国内有很多学者作了积极探索，王春梅等[1]发现我国西部派出所布局规划的建设中存在不合理（一般都选在乡镇党委政府镇点），并且因派出所设置过多，导致难以发挥整体战斗力、成本高等问题;刘玉清[2]提出派出所选址方案需要综合考虑辖区面积、人口及其分布、治安状况等因素;孙庆珍等[3]提出城市应急设施选址要考虑“时效性原则”和“成本最小化原则”等。这些探索成果为我国城市治安建设规划提供了一定的思路。但由于这些探索大多只是借助抽象的定性分析来规划选址目标，因而导致了派出所选址缺乏科学依据而频繁搬迁、没有合理规划派出所数量出现成本的浪费、治安居民区划分不当等问题，无法实现有效的治安保障。……