郭金莹 王静 喻山峰 邬忠萍

摘要：考虑柔性车体和架悬电机，建立高速动车组动力学模型，推导系统传递函数，分析电机悬挂参数对车体、构架和自身振动的影响。仿真结果表明，除采用极小的悬挂刚度外，架悬电机的刚度和阻尼对车体舒适度的影响极小，故在进行车辆系统动力学性能评价时，可以忽略架悬电机的影响。电机悬挂刚度和阻尼对构架的振动略有影响，由于空间位置的限制和电机自身携带振动源，工程上电机悬挂刚度和阻尼一般都较大，因此其对构架振动影响有限。电机悬挂刚度和阻尼对其自身的振动影响相对显著，随着刚度和阻尼的增大，电机的振动加速度RMS均显著降低，然而当刚度增大到2 MN/m以上后其影响减弱。

关键词：动车组;架悬电机;柔性车体;耦合振动;悬挂参数;舒适度

中图分类号：U270.11文献标志码：A

文章编号：2095-5383（2020）04-0017-06

Vibration Analysis of High-speed Trains Considering Suspension

Motor andCarbody Flexibility

GUO Jinying， WANG Jing， YU Shanfeng， WU Zhongping

（School of Automobile and Transportation，Chengdu Technological University， Chengdu 611730，China）

Abstract： Considering the flexible car body and suspension motor， the dynamics model of high-speed EMU was established，the system transfer function was derived， and the influence of the motor suspension parameters on the car body， frame and its own vibration was analyzed. The simulation results show that， in addition to the extremely small suspension stiffness， the stiffness and damping of the suspension motor have little effect on the comfort of the car body. Therefore， when evaluating the dynamic performance of the vehicle system， the influence of the suspension motor can be neglected. The suspension stiffness and damping of the motor have a slight influence on the vibration of the frame. Due to the limitation of space and the vibration source carried by the motor itself， the suspension stiffness and damping of the motor are generally large， so itsr influence on the vibration of the frame is limited. The influence of suspension stiffness and damping on the vibration of the motor is relatively significant. With the increase of stiffness and damping， the RMS of vibration acceleration of the motor decreases significantly. However， its influence decreases when the stiffness gets up to 2 MN/m and higher.

Keywords：EMU; frame-mounted traction motor; flexibility; coupled vibration; suspension; ride comfort

现代铁道车辆车体常采用轻量化设计，尤其是高速列车，然而这将导致其结构刚度损失和车体弹性模态频率降低，其最低阶模态甚至低于10 Hz[1]。随着列车运营速度的提高，轨道激励的频率也随之提高，车体的低阶弹性模态被激发，导致局部路段出现显著的车体结构弹性振动，降低乘坐舒适性。因此，在分析平稳性指标和舒适度指标时，有必要考虑车体结构模态[2-3]。

减轻簧下质量，降低轮轨间的动作用力是高速动车转向架重要的设计原则，我国高速动车转向架普遍采用了架悬方式。电机弹性悬架装置的使用能够提高车辆的稳定性，改善平稳性，降低轮轴横向力[4]。……