摘 要：种养结合是实现区域生态农业系统良性循环发展的有效途径，福建省按照农牧结合、种养结合、循环发展的生态理念，持续推进生态农业建设。以2018年福建省主要農作物收获物的氮素需求量与畜禽养殖业氮素排放量为研究对象，探索全省种养业氮素平衡问题。经初步测算，2018年福建省单位耕地畜禽氮负荷量为95.08 kg·hm-2，其中龙岩市、南平市、厦门市、漳州市超过全省平均水平;全省单位耕地氮素需求量为161.10 kg·hm-2，其中漳州市、福州市、三明市、厦门市超过全省平均水平。全省畜禽粪便承载力风险值为0.62，整体污染风险不高，但从局部看存在一定环境污染问题。

关键词：畜禽养殖;氮素循环;耕地承载力;福建省

中图分类号：S141 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0253-2301（2020）10-0057-05

DOI： 10.13651/j.cnki.fjnykj.2020.10.010

Abstract： The combination of planting and breeding is an effective way to realize the virtuous circular development of regional ecological agricultural system. Fujian Province continues to promote the construction of ecological agriculture in accordance with the ecological concept of combining agriculture and animal husbandry， planting and breeding and circular development. By taking the nitrogen demand of the main crop harvests and the nitrogen qrom livestock and poultry industry in Fujian Province in 2018 as the research object， the problem of nitrogen balance in the planting and breeding industry in the province was explored. According to the preliminary calculations， in 2018， the nitrogen load of livestock and poultry per unit of cultivated land in Fujian Province was 95.08 kg·hm-2， among which Longyan City， Nanping City， Xiamen City and Zhangzhou City exceeded the provincial average;the nitrogen demand per unit of cultivated land in the province was 161.10 kg·hm-2， among which Zhangzhou City， Fuzhou City， Sanming City and Xiamen City exceeded the provincial average. The risk value of carrying capacity of livestock manure in the whole province was 0.62， showing that the overall risk of pollution was not high， but there were some environmental pollution problems from a local perspective.

Key words： Livestock and poultry breeding;Nitrogen cycle;Carrying capacity of cultivated land;Fujian Province

种养平衡是实现区域生态农业系统良性循环和可持续发展的有效途径之一[1-2]。福建省提出建设生态省的战略目标以来，坚持按照农牧结合、种养结合、循环发展的生态理念[3]，持续推进全省生态农业建设。近年来，各地遵循以地定养、以种定养的原则，以实施畜禽粪污资源化整县推进、果菜茶有机肥替代化肥、化肥农药减量化行动等项目为抓手，提升畜禽粪污资源化利用水平，加快推进农业绿色发展[4]。

为进一步量化以地定养、以种定养，本研究以2018年福建省主要农作物收获物的氮素需求量与畜禽养殖业氮素排放量为研究对象，对全省耕地种养业的氮素平衡情况进行初步探讨，为解决耕地畜禽养殖承载力问题提供参考。……