杜超 孟大伟

摘要：针对弹射用直线电动机大推力、高加速度的特点，结合永磁同步电动机、双边动磁式结构与环形绕组结构电动机的优点，在对动子磁场进行详细分析后，提出环形绕组永磁直线同步电动机（DSMM R PMLSM）的新型动子结构。这种结构具有推力密度大、功率因数高、动子质量轻、结构坚固以及利于分段供电与控制的优点，非常适用于电磁弹射系统。通过建立电动机的数学模型，得到此类电动机运行的动态特性，对比不同结构的动子在正常运行与偏心运行时的推力性能，并且分别从场路结合解析、样机实验两方面进行验证。结果表明，采用新型动子结构的直线电动机电磁推力高、动子质量轻、弹射时加速度优势明显，为电磁弹射用直线电动机的研究奠定了基础。

关键词：电磁弹射;永磁直线同步电机;双边动磁式;场路结合法;推力特性

DOI：10.15938/j.emc.2019.09.009

中圖分类号：TM 359.4

文献标志码：A

文章编号：1007-449X（2019）09-0065-10

Investigation of permanent magnet linear synchronous motor for  electromagnetic launch based on field circuit combined method

DU Chao，MENG Da wei

（College of Electric and Electronic Engineering， Harbin University of Science and Technology， Harbin 150080， China）

Abstract：

Aiming at the characteristics of the large thrust and high acceleration of the linear motor， the advantages of permanent magnet motor， ring winding and double sided moving magnet structure were combined， the mover magnetic field was analysed and the ring winding permanent magnet linear synchronous motor with double sided moving magnet（DSMM R PMLSM）mover structure was proposed. Owing to its high thrust density and power factor， light mover quality， strong structure and convenience to power and control segmented， the DSMM R PMLSM has been the favoured choice in electromagnetic launch system. The dynamic characteristics are obtained by setting up the mathematical model of this motor type， and the thrust performances of the mover with different structures in normal and eccentric operation were compared and then rationalized in field circuit combined analysis and in separate prototype tests. The results show that the linear motor with new mover structure has the merits of higher electromagnet thrust， lighter mover quality and better acceleration， which provides a reference for future research of linear motor for electromagnet launch system.

Keywords：electromagnetic launch; permanent magnet linear synchronous motor; double sided moving magnet structure; field circuit combined method; thrust characteristics

0引言

电磁弹射装置是一种高效的起飞辅助装置，主要由直线电动机、储能供电设备、电力转换设备和控制系统构成。相对于传统的弹射装置，电磁弹射装置以其推力密度高、运动部分质量与体积均较小、闭环控制精度高、整个发射过程全程可控、维修费用低等优点，具有更广阔的应用前景。

作为电磁弹射系统的核心组成部分，弹射用的直线电动机（后文简称“直线电机”）将输入的电能转化为动能，借助电磁力或洛伦兹力，在一定时间与距离内完成对物体的加速进而弹射。……