侯明

摘 要：在新一轮科技革命兴起背景下，世界各国纷纷加强创新发展战略布局，其中以美国政府制定的《美国创新战略》最为典型。在分析科技创新何以成为各国发展战略布局的核心和重点基础上，介绍了美国创新战略布局，总结了其创新发展战略的主要特点，发现美国创新战略以不断优化完善创新创业环境为基础，突出政府战略导向作用，坚持将制造业创新作为创新的核心，以把握未来科技和产业制高点的控制权。研究提出应在借鉴美国创新战略有益经验，重点构建适合我国国情的创新生态系统、提升科技创新竞争力、加大国家优先领域科技研究部署，推动以制造业创新能力提升为关键的创新战略布局。

关键词：创新战略;国家竞争力;创新型国家;制造业创新能力

中图分类号：F 423.2025-06

Abstract：Under the background of a new round of scientific and technological revolution，countries around the world have laid out innovative development strategies and layouts.Among them，the U.S.government has formulated the “A Strategy for American Innovation” as its representative.This paper analyzed why scientific and technological innovation has become the core and focus of the development strategy layout of various countries，and summarized the main features of the US strategy is based on continuously optimizing and improving the environment for innovation and entrepreneurship，which highlights the guiding role of government strategy，and takes manufacturing innovation as the core of technological innovation.General Secretary Xi Jin-ping pointed out in the report of the 19th Party Congress that Innovation is the primary driving force for development，Accelerating the construction of an innovative national strategy is an important deployment to implement innovation，It is a strategic support for the construction of a modern economic system.This paper proposed that we should learn from the useful experience of the US innovation strategy，focus on building a science and technology innovation ecosystem that suits Chinas national conditions，enhance the competitiveness of science and technology innovation，increase the deployment of scientific and technological research in the national priority areas，and promote the innovation strategy that focuses on the improvement of manufacturing innovation capability.

Key words：national innovation strategy;national competitiveness;innovative country;manufacturing innovation capability

0 引 言习近平总书记在党的十九大报告中指出，我国经济已由高速增长阶段转向高质量发展阶段，正处在转变发展方式、优化经济结构、转换增长动力的攻关期，建设现代化经济体系是跨越关口的迫切要求和我国发展的战略目标，为此需要贯彻新发展理念，加快建设创新型国家，不断增强我国经济创新力和竞争力。早在2016年9月召开的二十国集团领导人杭州峰会上，通过了《二十国集团创新增长蓝图》和《2016年二十国集团创新行动计划》，承诺将创新置于突出位置，通过抓住技术创新突破引领全球经济增长的历史性机遇，从根本上寻找世界经济持续健康增长之道。……