宋飞宇 魏琪 马浩 刘霄 武书彬

摘要：采用醚化法制备了具有较高羧基含量、较高分子质量的羧甲基半纤维素（CMX），并将其与聚酰胺多胺-表氯醇树脂类湿强剂（PAE）联用以提高纸张的湿抗张强度。通过对CMX制备过程中碱用量、碱化反应时间、碱化反应温度、反应体系、醚化剂氯乙酸（SMCA）用量、醚化反应温度、醚化反应时间等条件的分析，探究CMX较优制备工艺，并分析其与PAE联用的增强效果。结果表明，CMX最佳制备工艺条件为：碱化反应时间1 h，碱化反应温度25℃，商品半纤维素（AXU）与NaOH的摩尔比为1∶2;醚化反应时间5 h，醚化反应温度55℃，AXU与SMCA的摩尔比为1∶1。当CMX溶液（质量分数1.25%）的用量为4.8%，PAE湿强剂溶液（质量分数12.5%）用量为2.0%时，纸张湿抗张指数达到了9.63 N·m/g，相较于PAE单独使用时，湿抗张指数提高了25.8%。

关键词：羧甲基半纤维素（CMX）;聚酰胺多胺-表氯醇树脂（PAE）;醚化;湿抗张指数

中图分类号：TS727⁺.2   文献标识码：A      DOI：10.11980/j.issn.0254-508X.2019.03.002

Abstract： Carboxymethyl hemicellulose （CMX） with high carboxyl content and high molecular weight was prepared by etherification process，and applied with epichlorohydrin resin to improve the wet strength of paper. The preparation conditions were studied such as the alkaline dosage， the alkalization time， the alkalization temperature， the dosage of etherifying agent， the etherification temperature and the etherification time， the optimal preparation process was explored as follows： the alkalization was carried out for 1 h at room temperature after addition of aqueous NaOH， the molar ratio of hemicellulose and NaOH was 1∶2， the etherification was carried out for 5 h and the etherification temperature was 55℃， the molar ratio of hemicellulose and etherification agent was 1∶1. The wet strength index of the paper reached 9.63 N·m/g when CMX and PAE additions were 4.8% and 2.0% respectively ， which was 25.8% higher than that of using PAE alone.

Key words： carboxymethyl hemicellulose; polyamide epichlorohydrin resin; etherification; wet strength

目前，湿强剂广泛应用于生活用纸、食品包装纸、瓦楞箱纸板、纸杯纸等湿抗张强度要求较高的纸种生产中，其用量均超过20 kg/t浆（以每吨绝干浆加入固含量为12.5%的湿强剂PAE溶液的质量计）。聚酰胺多胺-表氯醇树脂（PAE）是用途最为广泛的湿强剂之一，其可在较宽的pH值范围内使用，并有较强的自固着性，对含较多阴离子杂质或高盐浓度的环境有优良的耐性。但相关研究表明，PAE中含有环氧氯丙烷的酸解或水解副产物1，3-二氯-2-丙醇（DCP）和3-氯-1，2-丙二醇（CPD），这使得PAE中有机氯含量高达6%^[1]，这两种均为小分子氯代有机物，同样会随着湿强剂的加入存留在纸品上。……